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How the Minnesota Twins kept fans safe during a recent nearby shooting
On September 2, 40 minutes before Target Field opened its gates for a Minnesota Twins game against a division rival, the Detroit Tigers, a man opened fire nine blocks away in downtown Minneapolis, resulting in three deaths and six injuries, including law enforcement officers.
“The number of emergency vehicles going by the stadium, headed that direction, was frightening. It was a nonstop cascade of sirens,” said Jeff Beahen, director of security for the Twins.
Beahen, who served in law enforcement for 39 years in Minnesota, is familiar with quick decision-making. Although the security of the baseball stadium itself was not threatened, the proximity of the shooting and the emergency response could have compromised safety and travel logistics for thousands of visitors and employees on their way to the ballpark.
Beahen had 40 minutes to decide whether the game should go on. Within a few minutes, he used a platform called Envoy to notify employees about the shooting, and 25 minutes later, he sent out a second notice that the situation was stable. Alerting employees in the building and those on the way helped Beahen make sure that risks were averted while an emergency meeting convened with the security team. The game was played. (The Twins lost in extra innings.)
Visitor managementThe cloud-based workplace management platform Envoy was created in 2013 by an engineer, Larry Gadea. The Twins implemented the platform in 2019 for delivery and visitor management, then adopted its emergency response system in 2025. The Twins were part of the beta version of the new platform called Envoy Response, which officially launched in August.
Response uses on-premise data to track the safety of employees in large-scale buildings, such as stadiums, data centers, and office buildings. More than 16,000 high-compliance workplaces around the world use Envoy, including 92 of the Fortune 500 companies, according to a spokesperson at the San Francisco-based company. Envoy assesses multiple kinds of threats or events, including shootings, chemical spills, or protests in the vicinity of a workplace.
Target Field can host more than 40,000 people at maximum capacity, according to Beahen, and can accommodate well beyond 100,000 visitors over a weekend. Major League Baseball teams are required to get certified under the Department of Homeland Security’s SAFETY Act, Beahen says, which includes showing their stadiums have established practices covering life safety and evacuation protocols. When Beahen joined the Twins, his primary role was to get the certification. The Twins were the 12th MLB team to achieve this certification, in 2023.
Rapid emergency responseOn the day of the shooting, Beahen used Envoy to notify roughly 500 employees of the threat, and added some 78 people to the system who may have been in and around the stadium, such as coaching staff and scouts. It took him roughly 2 minutes to put together the message.
“When I think about the way the security industry has evolved, a lot of it has been on the basis of facility-level decisions,” said Bridget Scott Akinc, vice president of strategy at Envoy. Instead of relying solely on physical security measures, like card readers and cameras, the platform detects employees on-site through their connection to the network.
Before implementing the platform, the Twins used an emergency notification platform that lacked directory integration. This meant contact lists were inaccurate, and notifications were sent to former employees. While not every incident is an emergency, the cohesive system made messaging more reliable and organized.
Beahen notes the surge in emergency situations related to political and social unrest in Minneapolis. From the George Floyd murder in 2020 and the protests that followed, to the fatal shootings of Renée Good and Alex Pretti by ICE enforcement officers earlier this year, threat intelligence remains a crucial part of keeping Minneapolis citizens safe, including at venues where thousands of people come together.
Expanding internationallySeveral sports arenas across the country have adopted Envoy in their emergency response process, including those of the NFL’s Philadelphia Eagles and NBA’s Miami Heat. Several universities, media companies, and data centers have implemented its visitor management and security features, as has the computer chip company Nvidia.
Envoy Response has been adopted by more than 300 organizations since its August launch, some of which have international office locations, like the online forum Reddit and the equity management platform Carta.
The company is looking toward other international partnerships for Response, particularly in Britain. After the Manchester Arena bombing in 2017, when 22 people were killed and more than 1,000 injured, the U.K. brought in “Martyn’s Law,” so known from the name of one of those killed. It requires certain public venues to implement security measures and staff training to protect from terrorist attacks. The legislation passed in 2025, and takes full effect in 2027. Ahead of that, U.K. venues are moving toward more documented risk assessments. Envoy published a guide to the law in June, positioning itself as a solution to these requirements.
The platform accommodates different physical spaces, from offices in tall buildings to stadiums outside of cities. But arenas face particular challenges, with the movement of thousands of attendees and employees. While the platform is not a standalone solution for emergencies, it has made the logistics of dealing with nearby emergencies easier to track for the Twins, helping Beahen, the security director, make faster decisions.
Stadiums, Beahen says, are soft targets. “We don’t have walls that protect us, we have open gates . . . and we have to have preparedness and tools and strategies to mitigate that, knowing that someone may take advantage.”
For Beahen, the shooting near Target Field illustrates a broader reality of stadium security: Preparedness is no longer limited to protecting the physical perimeter. When threats can emerge suddenly and outside a venue’s walls, security teams need timely information, accurate personnel data, and a way to communicate with people before, during, and after an incident.
This startup is turning fallen leaves into biodegradable plastic
First-generation bioplastics were made from food crops like corn and sugar. A new biomaterials startup is using something very different: the autumn leaves collected by cities each fall.
The startup, Perennial Polymers, extracts the natural polymers in leaves—lignin and cellulose—to make plastic that can easily break down. It’s an approach that can ultimately be less expensive than making other bioplastics, the company says.
“I spent the last 12 years or so in the biomaterial space, and got to see from the inside how challenging it is, largely due to the economics,” says Nathan Noyes, founder of Perennial Polymers. “Two of the main reasons for that seemed to be that we were always relying on food-grade agricultural feedstock when moving away from petrochemicals, and the route to turn that into a plastic relied on fermentation, which is quite expensive.”
Urban leaves, he realized, didn’t require any agricultural land to grow, and there was already infrastructure in place to collect them. The startup, which works in a lab in Delaware, was inspired by previous academic research about the potential to use leaves to make new materials (like this study of maple leaves). After launching this summer, Perennial developed its own new material with a process designed to easily scale up, and filed provisional patents.
The startup’s formulation includes not only lignin and cellulose, but minerals from leaves to strengthen the bioplastic. Production is designed to be low cost, both because of the cheap feedstock and because it doesn’t require the expensive step of fermentation. The plastic can be used in existing industrial equipment to make products.
One potential application is on farms, where huge plastic sheets are commonly used to reduce weeds and erosion. This plastic “mulch” helps increase farm yields, but also creates microplastic waste in farm soil. The plastic films currently in use can’t be recycled, and often are burned. A similar film made from Perennial’s material could safely break down in the field. “In very early testing in thin films, it looks like our material degrades in contact with soil over about two to three months,” says Noyes. That’s similar to the way leaves biodegrade in their natural state.
The material could also be used in packaging such as plastic mailers for products that have to be protected from the weather, or other uses where plastic serves a useful purpose, but can’t easily be recycled today, Noyes says.
Large cities like New York collect thousands of tons of leaves each fall. Leaves are often composted, but EPA data suggests that nearly a third end up in landfills, where they can’t easily break down. Perennial wants to tap into existing urban leaf collection systems to make its products, and although the company just launched a few months ago, a municipal partnership is already in the works. Other natural materials, including waste from the forestry industry, could also potentially be used to make the plastic.
The startup is scaling up to begin testing its material with customers, and aims to commercialize the bioplastic in 2027.
How the Minnesota Twins kept fans safe during a recent nearby shooting
On September 2, 40 minutes before Target Field opened its gates for a Minnesota Twins game against a division rival, the Detroit Tigers, a man opened fire nine blocks away in downtown Minneapolis, resulting in three deaths and six injuries, including law enforcement officers.
“The number of emergency vehicles going by the stadium, headed that direction, was frightening. It was a nonstop cascade of sirens,” said Jeff Beahen, director of security for the Twins.
Beahen, who served in law enforcement for 39 years in Minnesota, is familiar with quick decision-making. Although the security of the baseball stadium itself was not threatened, the proximity of the shooting and the emergency response could have compromised safety and travel logistics for thousands of visitors and employees on their way to the ballpark.
Beahen had 40 minutes to decide whether the game should go on. Within a few minutes, he used a platform called Envoy to notify employees about the shooting, and 25 minutes later, he sent out a second notice that the situation was stable. Alerting employees in the building and those on the way helped Beahen make sure that risks were averted while an emergency meeting convened with the security team. The game was played. (The Twins lost in extra innings.)
Visitor managementThe cloud-based workplace management platform Envoy was created in 2013 by an engineer, Larry Gadea. The Twins implemented the platform in 2019 for delivery and visitor management, then adopted its emergency response system in 2025. The Twins were part of the beta version of the new platform called Envoy Response, which officially launched in August.
Response uses on-premise data to track the safety of employees in large-scale buildings, such as stadiums, data centers, and office buildings. More than 16,000 high-compliance workplaces around the world use Envoy, including 92 of the Fortune 500 companies, according to a spokesperson at the San Francisco-based company. Envoy assesses multiple kinds of threats or events, including shootings, chemical spills, or protests in the vicinity of a workplace.
Target Field can host more than 40,000 people at maximum capacity, according to Beahen, and can accommodate well beyond 100,000 visitors over a weekend. Major League Baseball teams are required to get certified under the Department of Homeland Security’s SAFETY Act, Beahen says, which includes showing their stadiums have established practices covering life safety and evacuation protocols. When Beahen joined the Twins, his primary role was to get the certification. The Twins were the 12th MLB team to achieve this certification, in 2023.
Rapid emergency responseOn the day of the shooting, Beahen used Envoy to notify roughly 500 employees of the threat, and added some 78 people to the system who may have been in and around the stadium, such as coaching staff and scouts. It took him roughly 2 minutes to put together the message.
“When I think about the way the security industry has evolved, a lot of it has been on the basis of facility-level decisions,” said Bridget Scott Akinc, vice president of strategy at Envoy. Instead of relying solely on physical security measures, like card readers and cameras, the platform detects employees on-site through their connection to the network.
Before implementing the platform, the Twins used an emergency notification platform that lacked directory integration. This meant contact lists were inaccurate, and notifications were sent to former employees. While not every incident is an emergency, the cohesive system made messaging more reliable and organized.
Beahen notes the surge in emergency situations related to political and social unrest in Minneapolis. From the George Floyd murder in 2020 and the protests that followed, to the fatal shootings of Renée Good and Alex Pretti by ICE enforcement officers earlier this year, threat intelligence remains a crucial part of keeping Minneapolis citizens safe, including at venues where thousands of people come together.
Expanding internationallySeveral sports arenas across the country have adopted Envoy in their emergency response process, including those of the NFL’s Philadelphia Eagles and NBA’s Miami Heat. Several universities, media companies, and data centers have implemented its visitor management and security features, as has the computer chip company Nvidia.
Envoy Response has been adopted by more than 300 organizations since its August launch, some of which have international office locations, like the online forum Reddit and the equity management platform Carta.
The company is looking toward other international partnerships for Response, particularly in Britain. After the Manchester Arena bombing in 2017, when 22 people were killed and more than 1,000 injured, the U.K. brought in “Martyn’s Law,” so known from the name of one of those killed. It requires certain public venues to implement security measures and staff training to protect from terrorist attacks. The legislation passed in 2025, and takes full effect in 2027. Ahead of that, U.K. venues are moving toward more documented risk assessments. Envoy published a guide to the law in June, positioning itself as a solution to these requirements.
The platform accommodates different physical spaces, from offices in tall buildings to stadiums outside of cities. But arenas face particular challenges, with the movement of thousands of attendees and employees. While the platform is not a standalone solution for emergencies, it has made the logistics of dealing with nearby emergencies easier to track for the Twins, helping Beahen, the security director, make faster decisions.
Stadiums, Beahen says, are soft targets. “We don’t have walls that protect us, we have open gates . . . and we have to have preparedness and tools and strategies to mitigate that, knowing that someone may take advantage.”
For Beahen, the shooting near Target Field illustrates a broader reality of stadium security: Preparedness is no longer limited to protecting the physical perimeter. When threats can emerge suddenly and outside a venue’s walls, security teams need timely information, accurate personnel data, and a way to communicate with people before, during, and after an incident.
Even female chatbots get paid less than male AI agents
Even chatbots aren’t immune from human prejudice.
A study earlier this year aimed to chart how humans interact with AI at work, depending on how the agents are designed and presented. That included asking participants to work with two human-like AI assistants, one presenting as male and one as female, then judging them on trustworthiness, the quality of their work, and how much they deserve to be paid.
In a troubling mirror to the real-world gender pay gap, both men and women said that the male agent should be paid more than the female agent on average.
‘Biases come into play’: The AI wage gap, explainedIn the experiment, participants were placed in a virtual reality office and made to work with AI assistants. Among them were Johan and Johanna, two human-like AI agents identical in functionality. The only difference between them? Their gender presentation.
Participants ranked Johan and Johanna similarly in terms of deserving credit for their work and their trustworthiness, with Johan ranking slightly above Johanna in the latter category.
Still, when given the chance to pay the AI agents for their work, participants paid Johanna 10% less than they paid Johan. The female-presenting agent was also deemed significantly less human-like than her male-presenting counterpart.
These differences fly in the face of what the majority of participants said in interviews, which is that they would trust all AI assistants the same, regardless of their perceived gender. “If there was an AI man or an AI woman, I would trust the results equally the same,” one participant noted.
“A machine doesn’t actually have a gender and I’m dealing with a machine or with technology,” remarked another.
Only three of 34 interviewed participants acknowledged the potential influence of gender presentation on their scoring. “I personally think we feel like it doesn’t have an impact, but I think it has a very strong impact and so the interpersonal different biases come into play,” one of these participants said.
Though the real-world wage gap has narrowed in recent years, it persists. As of 2025, women in the United States earned 78 cents for every dollar made by their male counterparts. Looking only at women working full-time, year-round roles, that gap shrinks to 84 cents on the dollar.
How human-like should AI look?The study didn’t just pit Johan against Johanna. Both were judged against two other AI agents as well, and human-like design won out every time.
In addition to Johan and Johanna, participants were asked to score and pay a text-based chatbot and a small robot that sat on their virtual desktop. All four AI assistants used the same underlying large language model, but participants trusted and credited the human-like agents much more than the visibly machine-like agents.
Participants also, unsurprisingly, scored both Johan and Johanna as more human-like and offered them higher pay than the chatbot and robot.
“I gave Johanna the most because, yeah, I could relate the most to her in the way that she was talking and then calling it a ‘her’ and not ‘it’,” said one participant.
“Having Johanna next to me made me more prone to credit her more again because I felt there was a person, a colleague sitting next to me that I had a conversation with and that was giving me her own input,” commented another.