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NYDIG Expects to Hold $25B in Bitcoin for Institutional Clients by Year End

5 years 8 months ago

Stone Ridge Asset Management’s bitcoin spinoff firm – NYDIG – already has enough institutional buy orders lined up to push its bitcoin (BTC) holdings over $25 billion by the end of 2021, according to CEO Ross Stevens.

  • “I am confident we’ll have over $25 billion of bitcoin [by EOY 2021]. I just got this order book. I’m not guessing, I see what’s happening,” Stevens told MicroStrategy CEO Michael Saylor Tuesday.
  • NYDIG currently manages $6 billion in bitcoin for its 280 institutional clients, with at least 96 more waiting in the wings, Stevens said. He said NYDIG can onboard at least 75 a month.
  • “I didn’t realize there were so many institutions moving so aggressively into this space,” Saylor said. He has personally shepherded over $1 billion in bitcoin buys for MicroStrategy this year.
  • Stevens delivered the first bitcoin-focused talk of MicroStrategy’s annual World.Now conference.
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Blockchain Bites: MicroStrategy’s Macro Strategy for Bitcoin Treasuries

5 years 8 months ago
Three stories

1. Mining firms are benefiting from the market rally. California’s $441 billion public pension fund increased its stake in bitcoin miner Riot Blockchain (RIOT) nearly sevenfold while Ethereum miners are cranking out record revenue.

  • California Public Employees’ Retirement System (CalPERS), the largest public pension in the U.S., held 113,034 shares in RIOT worth over $1.9 million at the end of 2020, according to Tuesday filings. That’s up from Q3 2020, when CalPERS’ 16,907 RIOT shares were worth a comparatively minuscule $49,000.
  • Meanwhile, publicly traded bitcoin mining company Argo Blockchain bought 172.5 BTC in January, amid soaring revenue. The new bitcoin stash is currently valued above $6 million.
  • Ethereum miners earned a record $830 million in January as network activity, fees and ether’s price all surged. Nearly 40% of total mining revenue came from network fees.

2. Industry experts are eyeing two bullish signs for crypto. First, balances of dai (DAI) and USD coin (USDC) on exchanges have hit lifetime highs, according to data from Glassnode. Meanwhile, Guggenheim research is placing $600,000 as a price target for bitcoin.

  • Rising stablecoin balances could prefigure massive buys into the crypto ecosystem. “New flows [to crypto markets] are coming from more mainstream institutions participating [that] have a strong predisposition for transparent, trusted, regulated dollar stablecoins,” Circle’s Jeremy Allaire told CoinDesk’s Muyao Shen.
  • While a six-figure price tag could be a ways away, Guggenheim Chief Investment Officer Scott Minerd reversed his previous bearish comments to say bitcoin – if it follows the golden path – will attract large sums of institutional money.
  • Ruffer Investment Management, for instance, invested 2.5% of its $27 billion portfolio into bitcoin in November, and recently disclosed it took a $750 million profit on that deal, having sold approximately half its holdings at a market top around $40,000.

3. Trad meets crypto: Visa is working with crypto bank Anchorage to allow customers at traditional banks to “buy and sell digital assets such as bitcoin.” This will come through a suite of application programming interfaces (APIs) for banks to plug and play into the crypto ecosystem.

  • “This is shifting to the next phase of Visa’s strategy where we’re looking at how Visa can also be a bridge between the thousands of financial institutions … and help them tap into the growing world of crypto assets and blockchain networks,” Visa crypto lead Cuy Sheffield told CoinDesk’s Nate DiCamillo.
  • Separately, investment firm Accelerate Financial Technologies has filed a preliminary prospectus for a new bitcoin exchange-traded fund (ETF) with Canada’s securities regulators.
At stake

Related: Myanmar Military Blocks Facebook as Global Internet Disruptions Intensify

The macro strategy
More than 15% of the total bitcoin circulating supply has been moved to “accumulation addresses,” according to the latest accounting by data firm Glassnode. This figure is often cited to show how holders are bracing for the long term. 

Standing at a 3.5-year high, some 80,000 BTC have been moved to these addresses. Accumulation addresses is an industry term for wallets with at least two non-trivial incoming transactions that have never spent funds, according to CoinDesk markets reporter Omkar Godbole. 

This latest milestone comes as bitcoin continues to leave exchanges. As CoinDesk has reported before, coin inflows onto exchanges typically indicates a looming sell-off. 

“The continued locking up of bitcoin has been creating a sell-side liquidity shortage led by increased institutional buyers and has aided the recent bull run,” Godbole wrote.

Related: Saylor, MicroStrategy Offer Playbook for Corporate Bitcoin Adoption at Annual Summit

Indeed, major market players are accumulating bitcoin. In December, Grayscale added 72,950 BTC to its assets under management, far outstripping the 28,112 BTC mined during that same period. (Grayscale and CoinDesk are wholly owned by Digital Currency Group.)

Meanwhile, MicroStrategy, an intelligence firm that made a name for itself in 2020 for going all-in on bitcoin, continues to flesh out its bitcoin treasury. According to Bitcoin Treasuries, the publicly traded firm now holds a total 71,079 BTC, worth over $2.9 billion.

The company’s CEO, Michael Saylor, has become an industry advocate and has argued that corporations should invest their cash holdings in the hard-capped cryptocurrency. He famously called fiat a “melting ice cube.”

Today, MicroStrategy is hosting a conference where Saylor intends to pitch his cohorts on the value of bitcoin investing. Saylor said he plans to go over his “playbook,” including accounting and legal guidance. CoinDesk’s Danny Nelson will be covering the event.

“We’re going to have thousands of executives, officers and directors and advisers of corporations coming together in the first week of February and they all want to figure out how to plug bitcoin into their balance sheet, their PnL,” Saylor told CNBC’s “Power Lunch” in January. 

“This conference could drive interest in bitcoin further, and even if that does not translate to immediate price gains it will definitely have a positive, long-term effect,” Joe DiPasquale, the chief executive of San Francisco-based bitcoin and cryptocurrency hedge fund BitBull Capital, told Forbes.

Indeed, if Saylor’s pitch is successful, the industry could see a number of new entrants from institutional money. It’s a future that Guggenheim Chief Investment Officer Scott Minerd, among others, has predicted. 

As others have pointed out, bitcoin is rapidly approaching a moment when no more coins will be minted (estimated in 2140). Casa CTO Jameson Lopp put it as such: “The final bitcoin will be minted incrementally over a period of 40 years.”

The rush is on. 

Quick bites
  • INDIA INK? Proposed rules to limit cryptocurrency in India are still being debated, leaving the written rules up for interpretation. (CoinDesk)
  • LUXURY ACCOMMODATIONS: Blockchain startup SUKU will move its high-end sneaker authentication system to Hedera Hashgraph, citing unbearable fees on Ethereum. (CoinDesk)
  • OPSEC UPSET: A Navy couple used their military connections to steal and resell personal identifying information from civilians for bitcoin. (CoinDesk)
  • ‘UNISWAP FOR NFTs’: Rarible raised $1.75 to build a DAO. (CoinDesk)
  • NOT BLOCKED: Crypto personality Mike Dudas joins Paxos as stablecoin lead. (CoinDesk)
  • HASHMASKS CRAZE: 16,000 NFTs sold for $9 million. (Decrypt)
  • DEFI MORTGAGE: An engineer paid off his bank loan and refinanced using Notional Finance. (The Defiant)
  • BIDEN’S BACKER: The Intelligencer profiled Sam Bankman-Fried, of FTX. (New York)
Who won Crypto Twitter? Related Stories
CoinDesk

How Bitcoin’s Taproot Upgrade Will Improve Technology Across Bitcoin’s Software Stack

5 years 8 months ago

Bitcoin’s Taproot upgrade is (basically) a shoe-in as Bitcoin stakeholders figure out the best way to bring it online. 

Digital signatures are created from the private keys that control bitcoin wallets and are required to approve transactions. Taproot addresses will use Schnorr signatures, rather than Bitcoin’s current signature algorithm, the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm, or ECDSA for short. 

In terms of data and processing, Schnorr signatures are smaller and faster than ECDSA signatures and also have the added benefit of being “linear,” which means Schnorr-based smart contracts can be optimized for functions that ECDSA signatures cannot.

Related: Blockchain Bites: MicroStrategy’s Macro Strategy for Bitcoin Treasuries

These differences have made Taproot a highly anticipated upgrade because it will give Bitcoin a boost to transaction privacy and allow for more lightweight and complex “smart contracts” (an encoded contract with self-executing rules).

The tooling and coding improvements Taproot brings will be largely under the hood and will be a boon to developers. Regular Bitcoin users, however, will also benefit from usability, performance, and privacy improvements to multisignature (multisig) technology, privacy software and even scaling tech like the Lightning Network.

Without Taproot, applying the following upgrades to these softwares would either not be possible or not be as viable.

MuSig2: Boosting privacy and efficiency of multisig transactions

Bitcoin development hub Blockstream is developing a new multisig software, MuSig2, which will make multisig transactions more efficient, cheaper and more private.

Related: CrossTower Launches Bitcoin Fund to Compete With Grayscale’s GBTC

Unlike usual Bitcoin wallets, which only require a single signature from a private key, multisig wallets require at least two or more signatures from different private keys to approve a transaction. The idea is to distribute the risk of a wallet among multiple keys and, if needed, multiple parties.

Under the current design with ECDSA contracts, multisig transactions record the signature of each multisig participant individually. Schnorr signatures would allow each signature to be recorded as one signature on the blockchain, making the transactions more lightweight in data, and thus cheaper.

“[Taproot] benefits multisig wallets such as Blockstream Green because using MuSig2 is cheaper and more private than current multisig setups,” Blockstream developer Jonas Nick told CoinDesk. 

The Bitcoin upgrade will also raise the limit on signers a multisig wallet allows from 15 to a “much higher number,” said Bitcoin developer Chris Belcher.

Schnorr-signature based transactions are more private because, thanks to so-called scriptless scripts, all Taproot transactions have the same digital footprint. That means a single signature transaction and a multisig transaction look the same on the blockchain under Taproot’s rules.

This privacy improvement spills over into other areas of Bitcoin’s development, too.

“MuSig2 also improves efficiency of multi-party contracts such as Lightning Channels, CoinSwaps or discrete log contracts, and improves the privacy of routing in the Lightning Network by enabling ‘scriptless scripts.’ This also means that the anonymity set of regular transactions would become larger because, for a blockchain observer, it could just as well be part of a multi-party contract or multisig wallet,” Nick said.

CoinSwap: Disguising mixed coin transactions

All of the softwares Nick referenced rely on multisig wallets to bind market participants in cryptographically reinforced rules of engagement called smart contracts.

One of these, the privacy protocol CoinSwap, is widely considered to be the best successor to CoinJoin, currently the most popular software for “mixing” bitcoins to obscure their transaction history. 

One shortcoming of CoinSwap’s precursors including CoinJoin is such transactions show up as distinctly different from normal ones. This makes it easier for blockchain analysis to pinpoint CoinJoins on-chain, thwarting any privacy benefits. 

According to Belcher, Bitcoin’s Taproot upgrade will fix this problem.

“A good benefit of Taproot is also that it allows scriptless scripts. As you may know, protocols like Lightning Network and CoinSwap depend on so-called hash time locked contracts. Currently these contracts are visible on the blockchain. The thing that scriptless scripts allows is for those contracts to also look exactly the same as a Taproot single-sig transaction.”

Point Time Lock Contracts: Making Lightning More Private

As Belcher points out, Bitcoin’s Lightning Network uses hash time locked contracts (HTLCs) to facilitate transactions. But Schnorr Signatures would pave the way for point time lock contracts (PTLCs), an improvement on HTLCs that allow for more private and efficient smart contracts for Lightning.

The privacy gain comes from a modification to how Lightning Network nodes “route” transactions. Lightning transactions must be sent directly and peer-to-peer on what are called “payment channels.” Otherwise, lacking this direct connection, payments must be routed through peers to which both the sender and receiver are connected.

Lightning Network nodes route transactions by passing on a hash of the payment to each node on that payment’s path. PTLCs alter this hash by adding random info at each hop to make the payment less traceable to any party conducting blockchain surveillance. 

Additionally, PTLCs will enable more complex smart contract logic to facilitate unprecedented blockchain escrow conditions and to improve oracles. (Since a blockchain can’t process data outside of its network, an oracle feeds this data to it.)

“Technically, [PTLCs] could be done today with ECDSA but it doesn’t have the same proven security, and if it was implemented it would have to be redone once we get Taproot,” Ben Carman, a developer at Suredbits, told CoinDesk.

Other Taproot improvements

Carman and his colleagues at Suredbits have been working on discrete log contracts (DLCs), a fairly new smart contract logic for Bitcoin that, while working today, will be more flexible and easier to use when Bitcoin’s Taproot upgrade kicks in.

Belcher told CoinDesk that Schnorr signatures will also enable “batched validation” wherein a Bitcoin full node could “validate 1,000 Taproot signatures in nearly the same time it takes to validate one [ECDSA] signature.” This scaling solution would significantly speed the time it takes a node to verify all signatures in a block.

Additionally, Taproot could use “ring signatures” to give users the ability to prove they own certain coins without having to reveal the public key associated with those coins.

“That means someone could prove that they own a certain coin without revealing which exact coin. For example, it would be possible to prove you own at least 1 BTC (or any amount) by doing a ring signature over all the Taproot [unspent transactions] worth more than 1 BTC, and yet it doesn’t actually reveal which is yours,” Belcher said.

This has implications particularly for Lightning Network node operators who want to prove payment channel ownership without sacrificing privacy.

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CrossTower Launches Bitcoin Fund to Compete With Grayscale’s GBTC

5 years 8 months ago

Crypto capital markets firm CrossTower, based in Bermuda, is launching a hedge fund at the end of the month in a bid to compete with Grayscale’s Bitcoin Trust (GBTC) and other bitcoin funds for accredited investors.

Similar to how Tesla’s boom created a larger demand for electric-vehicle stocks, the success of GBTC with $20 billion in assets under management (AUM) has caused a plethora of funds to follow suit, said crypto analyst Kevin Rooke. (Grayscale is owned by Digital Currency Group, the parent company of CoinDesk.) 

Most recently, crypto lender BlockFi registered a Bitcoin Trust with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission and Bitwise announced it was seeking regulatory approval to publicly trade shares of its bitcoin fund on an over-the-counter marketplace, similar to GBTC’s secondary market. 

Related: Blockchain Bites: MicroStrategy’s Macro Strategy for Bitcoin Treasuries

CrossTower Bitcoin Fund won’t trade in a secondary market, but it is trying to compete on management fees and liquidity. 

The fund charges a management fee of 60 basis points, or 0.6%, compared to GBTC’s 2% management fee, said CrossTower CEO Kristin Boggiano. It trades at net asset value (NAV) of bitcoin and has no lockups, letting investors redeem within a day. 

“This is the most plain-vanilla of the suite of offerings that we expect to be popular,” Boggiano said. “We’re building infrastructure at CrossTower so that entities that want to shape their risk have different instruments whether they want to use an exchange, they want a loan, they want to go short.”

The minimum investment amount is $100,000 and CrossTower has $20 million in AUM from early investors to start. The product has seen the most interest from family offices, Boggiano added. 

Related: How Bitcoin’s Taproot Upgrade Will Improve Technology Across Bitcoin’s Software Stack

“That’s a definite huge perk for family offices,” James Seyffart, ETF research analyst at Bloomberg Intelligence, said in reference to there being no lockups on the fund. “It’s very unusual for a fund structured like this to offer daily liquidity.”

However, the initial AUM is on the low end of current offerings on the market, Rooke said. In late January, a Canadian investment firm completed a $180 million initial public offering for its crypto fund on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

CrossTower has hired Grant Thornton as the accounting firm for the fund, law firm Apex as the administrator and Anchorage as the custodian. (The fund eats the cost of custodial and legal fees, Boggiano said.)

It’s also a way for U.S. investors with offshore accounts to get exposure to bitcoin from foreign tax havens. 

The fund is only offered to accredited investors and has a traditional master-feeder structure, which is an investment vehicle that allows CrossTower to pool capital from investors in the U.S. and around the world. Non-U.S. entities and companies with offshore entities can use the master fund to invest in a U.S. tax-exempt environment. 

The fund is limited to 99 U.S. investors but is open to an unlimited number of offshore investors because of how the fund was structured for daily redemptions, Boggiano said. Other fund structures in Bermuda that are more capital-intensive would allow CrossTower to capture more of the U.S. market.

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CoinDesk

Jack Ma’s Ant Group Agrees to Restructure After Pressure From China’s Regulators: Report

5 years 8 months ago

Chinese regulators have agreed on a restructuring plan with Ant Group that will combine all its business segments, including its blockchain arm, into a financial holding company.

  • As a financial holding company, Ant would be subject to capital requirements like those for banks, according to a Bloomberg report citing people familiar with the matter.
  • The group had previously proposed only including its financial segments in the holding company.
  • An official announcement on plan is expected before the start of China’s New Year holiday on Feb. 12.
  • The restructure is part of a Chinese government campaign to increase supervision of the fintech sector.
  • In November, Ant Group’s expected $35 billion initial public offering was suspended on both the Shanghai and Hong Kong stock exchanges supposedly due to changes in China’s regulatory environment for fintech firms.
  • Jack Ma, who founded Alibaba and its affiliate Ant Group, had been keeping a low profile since October when he criticized China’s financial system and its state-dominated banking sector at a Shanghai event.
  • Ant Group has its own blockchain, AntChain, building off it to launch a cross-border trading platform in September.

Read more: Jack Ma’s Ant Group, 3 Other Digital Banks Get OK to Operate in Singapore

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CoinDesk

Ruffer Turns Bitcoin Investment Into $750M Profit in Under 2 Months

5 years 8 months ago

U.K.-based Ruffer Investment Management has managed to quickly turn its recent bitcoin investment into a $750 million profit.

Having bought in November, Ruffer’s investment managers took profits in December and January as the cryptocurrency more than doubled to around $40,000, according to a Telegraph Money report Tuesday.

“We’ve been surprised by how well it has done and how quickly. We did not expect immediate fireworks,” Duncan MacInnes, co-manager of Ruffer Investment, told the newspaper.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

As CoinDesk reported, the investment firm invested 2.5% of its $27 billion portfolio into bitcoin back in November, making its purchase via One River Digital and Coinbase.

MacInnes said the 2.5% allocation was made across all Ruffer’s funds, costing around $600 million.

Read more: Ruffer Investment Confirms Massive Bitcoin Buy of $744M

As prices soared, the firm opted to take out its original investment and make $650 million in profit. “We still have around $700 million left in and are currently up by $750 million overall,” said MacInnes.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

The investor said Ruffer has been following bitcoin for a few years and was previously skeptical of the cryptocurrency. That’s all changed now, however, MacInnes said: “The economic environment for bitcoin right now could not be better.”

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CoinDesk

The Block Founder Mike Dudas Takes Stablecoin Role at Paxos

5 years 8 months ago

Mike Dudas, founder of cryptocurrency news site The Block and once one of the strongest personalities on Crypto Twitter, is joining Paxos, the firm behind PayPal’s bitcoin-buying service.

Dudas will start on Feb. 9 as a vice president and head of stablecoin business development, according to a Paxos staff memo obtained by CoinDesk. He will be responsible for expanding the company’s white-label business, which issues fiat-backed cryptocurrencies on other firms’ behalf (much like Duracell makes the Kirkland brand batteries sold at Costco stores). 

“Paxos operates in the business segment that attracted me to crypto in the first place – payments and money movement,” Dudas wrote in the memo. “I believe every human should have access to money that moves instantly, affordably, 24/7/365 on modern infrastructure with strong security and settlement assurances.”

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

The firm’s ItBit exchange has assumed greater prominence in recent months, in no small part because it is the backend that powers PayPal’s (PYPL) mainstream-friendly crypto service. 

More directly relevant to Dudas’ role, Paxos issues PAX, the fifth-largest stablecoin by market capitalization (the fourth-largest, BUSD, was launched in partnership with Binance). Collateralized by real-world greenbacks held at FDIC-insured banks, the token runs on the Ethereum blockchain and others, allowing for speedy transfers. Crypto traders often use stablecoins to move money quickly between exchanges in order to take advantage of opportunities that might disappear if they waited for a bank wire to go through.

Prior to founding The Block in 2018, Dudas worked in fintech at Google Wallet, Braintree/Venmo and PayPal, according to the memo. He also co-founded Button, a mobile commerce technology company, and worked at Disney, according to Crunchbase. Dudas stepped down as The Block CEO last spring.

“Mike clearly knows his way around fintech and has the kind of entrepreneurial spirit that we love,” Walter Hessert, Paxos’ head of strategy and business development, wrote in the same memo.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

A one-time CoinDesk sparring partner, Dudas hinted at the role Monday in a tweet that he later deleted, as is his wont and, it should be said, his prerogative. 

As for his continued involvement in the world of crypto media, Dudas told Paxos staffers he will remain The Block’s non-executive chairman, “where I have not been involved in day-to-day operations since April 2020,” he wrote. “I have never and will never be involved with editorial decisions at The Block, including its past and ongoing coverage of Paxos.”

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CoinDesk

Bitcoin Startup Casa Raises $4M Led by Fidelity-Linked Avon Ventures

5 years 8 months ago

Bitcoin self-storage startup Casa has raised $4 million in a seed round led by Fidelity Investments’ blockchain-focused Avon Ventures. 

The investment comes with a board seat for Avon partner Sachin Patodia, Casa CEO Nick Neuman told CoinDesk. Tioga Capital, Castle Island, Cadenza, Champion Hill, Compound VC, Precursor, Lerer Hippeau and Coinbase Ventures also participated in the round.

Casa will put the funding toward improving the reach of its self-custody bitcoin wallet, anchoring a broader push to woo more users after a year of steady growth. Neuman said new Casa clients increased 325% in 2020 as revenue nearly tripled.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

The company, which has raised $7.8 million to date, plans to continue its now year-old focus on building private key management software. 

Private keys are decryption keys that give their holder control over the assets in a blockchain-based wallet. Every wallet has a private key, but some crypto services like Coinbase, hold those keys on behalf of their users, mitigating the risk of irrecoverable assets.

Third-party key management often makes a wallet experience feel similar to online banking and likely more accessible to newcomers because of it. But that model strips wallet owners of full control over their cryptographic assets.

“The point of bitcoin is that you optionally can choose to withdraw it from those financial intermediaries, which is much unlike the traditional financial system where you don’t really have the option to ever withdraw,” said Nic Carter, partner at Castle Island Ventures.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

Longtime bitcoiners such as Jameson Lopp (Casa’s chief technology officer) oppose third-party key holders on philosophical grounds.

Neuman said Casa is trying to win new users with a self-custodied key management software that is easy to use and that reduces the risk of lost credentials. 

“We’re seeing people who have previously only kept their bitcoin on an exchange like Coinbase or they’ve even never owned bitcoin before, and they’re feeling comfortable coming in and holding their own keys with Casa,” Neuman said, explaining the company’s self-hosted wallets. 

Casa disclosed the raise at a time of heightened uncertainty for self-hosted wallets. Proposed rules from the U.S. Department of Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) unit would effectively de-anonymize self-hosted wallets that transact $3,000 or more. The rule, which is currently in an extended comment period, could deal a blow to the privacy appeal of self-hosted wallet service, if implemented.

Neuman said the round’s well-placed participant lineup gives Casa’s technology a “very strong endorsement.”

“It’s really showing that some of the major companies in this space really believe that the philosophy of self-custody is important,” Neuman said. “One of the reasons why we’re all here is because of the ability to have real true ownership of your assets.”

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First Mover: Bulls Are Back as Ether Hits All-Time High, Bitcoiners Hoard

5 years 8 months ago

Bitcoin (BTC) was higher for a third day, pushing on the upper end of its range over the past couple weeks, between $30,000 and $36,000. 

“Cryptocurrency has come into the realm of respectability,” Scott Minerd, chief investment officer of the $310 billion money manager Guggenheim Partners, told CNN in an interview. Minerd, who in December said bitcoin should be worth $400,000, said last month that the price could drop to $20,000 in the short term. Now he says a price as high as $600,000 is conceivable.  

Ether (ETH), the second-biggest cryptocurrency, was carrying through on Wednesday after hitting a new all-time high price. (Read more about that below.)

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

Dogecoin (DOGE) appeared to stabilize around 3.3 cents, which is still more than four times where it changed hands a week ago. The doggie-faced meme token, which is attracting social media chatter, has been the object of price pumps at least five times since mid-2017. 

Ether rises to new all-time high ahead of CME futures debut

Ether breaks $1,500: All eyes are on ether (ETH), the second-biggest cryptocurrency, after its price shot above $1,500 for the first time on signs of growing activity on the Ethereum blockchain. Prices, which quintupled in 2020, have more than doubled already this year, overshadowing the better-known bitcoin’s 21% year-to-date return.  

CME, the Chicago-based commodities exchange, is set to debut its new futures contracts on ether next week. That might generate additional buzz for ether, since the CME’s bitcoin futures, listed in late 2017, have grown to become one of the most popular ways for big institutions to bet on the largest cryptocurrency. 

Some analysts connected the move to the turmoil in stock markets: Online brokerages including Robinhood restricted transactions to rein in volatility fueled by Reddit-based retail traders’ coordinated buying in GameStop and other out-of-favor stocks. 

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

“The case for cryptocurrencies only grows stronger,” Nicholas Pelecanos, head of trading at NEM Group, told CoinDesk’s Omkar Godbole. 

More ether is locked: Simon Peters, an analyst for the trading platform eToro, noted that more ether are getting locked up in specific uses including staking them in Ethereum 2.0, a planned upgrade for the blockchain. The tokens are also getting socked away in decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols.

Institutional buyers might be pushing prices higher: “Either way, it’s clear from the price that this diminishing supply is feeding through quickly to prices,” Peters said in emailed comments. “With institutions expected to add further to their positions, we expect the price of ethereum to push higher from here.”

GameStop comedown shows appeal of social-media-fueled trading

GameStop (GME) continued its slide: The stock tumbled 60% on Tuesday in what appears to be a comedown from last week’s Reddit-fueled price pump. Other “meme stocks” AMC Entertainment (AMC) and BlackBerry (BB) also fell. 

Virtual asset traders have kept a close eye on the saga. That’s partly because the entire episode recalled the anything-goes culture prevalent in cryptocurrencies, but also because some of those fired-up retail traders might ultimately decide to give digital assets a try. 

“Looking at the charts today, it does seem like it’s game over for GameStop,” Mati Greenspan, founder of the foreign-exchange and cryptocurrency analysis firm Quantum Economics, told his subscribers Tuesday. “One lesson that the world seems to have learned is that social media can be a leading indicator, and even a driving force, for future price movements.”

Of course, the use of social media in trading is as relevant an issue to cryptocurrency traders as it is to the investors in traditional whose faith in stock markets might now be somewhat shaken: If the trading moves were coordinated among a huge number of individuals on a public forum, is it akin to a traditional pump-and-dump scheme?

U.S. securities regulators may find it difficult to bring a case. (Though the matter is under review by the Biden Administration, including Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, with both the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives planning to hold hearings, as reported by CoinDesk’s Nikhilesh De. Chinese regulators are also watching closely, CoinDesk’s David Pan reported.)   

Mark Cuban, the “Shark Tank” investor and basketball team owner, doesn’t expect the new trading phenomenon to disappear anytime soon, he told CNBC Tuesday: “I think now that they’ve recognized their power and now that they’ve learned some lessons, we’re going to get more of it, not less of it.” 

Some analysts are starting to connect the dots to cryptocurrency trading. Edward Moya, a senior analyst for the London-based foreign-exchange broker Oanda, wrote Tuesday in a market update that “panic selling across GameStop, AMC and silver is triggering a nice bid on cryptocurrencies.” 

Few crypto Twitterati would deny the role social media play in newfangled digital markets.

Indeed, the Reddit forum r/SatoshiStreetBets was filled early Wednesday with posts calling to pump dogecoin – a digital token created as a joke, with the adorable dog breed Shina Inu as its ubiquitous icon – “to the moon” later this week. There’s even a song.   

Bitwise, Grayscale, 21Shares look to cash in

With bitcoin up 21% so far in 2021 and ether hitting a new all-time high, digital-asset managers are rolling out announcements to take advantage of what they see as still-growing demand among investors for cryptocurrencies.

  • Bitwise Asset Management said Tuesday it’s seeking U.S. regulatory approval to publicly trade shares of its bitcoin fund on the over-the-counter marketplace OTCQX. “There is significant growth in interest from professional investors in accessing bitcoin as a tool to hedge their portfolios against rising inflationary risk,” says Matt Hougan, Bitwise’s chief investment officer.
  • Grayscale Investments reopened its Ethereum Trust earlier this week to accredited investors. (NOTE: Grayscale is a unit of Digital Currency Group, which also owns CoinDesk.)
  • Switzerland’s 21Shares (formerly known as Amun) is launching the world’s first exchange-traded product for the cryptocurrency polkadot (DOT), to be traded on the Swiss SIX Exchange under the ticker symbol PDOT. Prices for DOT have doubled this year, for a market capitalization of about $15 billion.
  • The investment firm Accelerate Financial Technologies is seeking approval from Canadian securities regulators to list a bitcoin exchange-traded fund on the Toronto Stock Exchange, CoinDesk’s Tanzeel Akhtar reported Wednesday.

The offerings come amid other signs of institutional demand for cryptocurrency-related investments, including the disclosure of a new $10 million bitcoin purchase by Michael Saylor’s MicroStrategy (MSTR). The $441 billion California Public Employees’ Retirement System, which is the largest U.S. public pension fund, disclosed Tuesday in a filing it held about 113,000 shares of the bitcoin miner Riot Blockchain (RIOT) at the end of 2020, worth some $1.9 million. 

And CoinDesk’s Muyao Shen reported Tuesday that balances of the stablecoins dai (DAI) and USD coin (USDC) on cryptocurrency exchanges had reached new all-time highs in the past week. Citing the blockchain data tracker Glassnode, Shen reported the increase might be a bullish indicator if it reflects buyers’ plans to use the two stablecoins to buy cryptocurrencies.

It’s DeFi’s time to scale, but kinks are everywhere

The furor over the trading platform Robinhood’s stock suspensions in the wake of the GameStop saga is generating fresh interest in decentralized finance, where entrepreneurs are building automated exchanges and lending protocols atop blockchain networks. The idea is that the computer-run systems might be fairer and less prone to ad hoc human interventions in market operations.

Yet, the fast-growing industry is still working out its kinks.

  • Stakeholders in Yearn Finance, which acts like a robo-advisor steering users toward opportunities for earning high yields in DeFi protocols, voted this week to sell more tokens to raise money to compensate people who are working on the project as de facto staffers. The decision marked a clear shift for the team, which accrued a unique amount of buzz for eschewing the convention of setting aside governance tokens for insiders, CoinDesk’s Brady Dale reported. “Yearn’s launch was exceptional at creating a decentralized and engaged community, but it did not provide adequate incentives to retain existing and future contributors on an ongoing basis, nor did it provide the protocol with a war chest to fund future activities,” the proposal’s authors wrote. 
  • Ren, whose RenBTC has become the second-leading “tokenized bitcoin” in DeFi with a market cap of more than $500 million, is reportedly “joining” cryptocurrency entrepreneur Sam Bankman-Fried’s Alameda Reseearch, according to a blog post. But as reported by CoinDesk’s Will Foxley Smith, the exact nature of the arrangement wasn’t entirely clear. Bankman-Fried drew attention last year when he briefly stepped in to take control of the decentralized exchange SushiSwap. Ren said it plans to prioritize support for the blockchain Solana, which Bankman-Fried has supported. The blockhain’s SOL tokens have nearly tripled in price this year, for a market capitalization of about $1.4 billion.  
  • Manta Network, another DeFi project, says that while volumes are increasing on decentralized exchanges, they’re also a “hotbed for front-running opportunities,” as reported by CoinDesk’s Benjamin Powers. Manta CEO Shumo Chu said in an email that a recent survey showed that nearly three-quarters of the 404 respondents (73.2%) “have either hesitated or completely avoided making a transaction in the past because they were worried about the privacy implications of that transaction.”
Bitcoin Watch

Long-term investors continue to hoard bitcoin, sucking up market supply and helping the cryptocurrency maintain its broader upward trajectory, CoinDesk’s Omkar Godbole reports.

Data provided by Glassnode shows the total balance of bitcoin held in “accumulation addresses” rose to a 3.5-year high of 2,851,608 BTC on Tuesday. That amounts to 15.32% of the total circulating supply of 18,618,081 BTC. The number stood slightly below 14% three months ago.

Accumulation addresses are those that have at least two incoming non-dust transfers (tiny amounts of bitcoin) and have never spent funds. The metric excludes addresses active more than seven years ago to adjust for lost coins and those belonging to miners and exchanges.

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Bitcoin Miner Argo Blockchain Bought 172.5 BTC in January

5 years 8 months ago

Publicly traded bitcoin mining company Argo Blockchain (ARB) has disclosed buying 172.5 BTC in January as part of its asset management strategy.

  • The coins were purchased in the second half of January, the company said Wednesday. While an average purchase price was not disclosed, bitcoin mostly traded between $30,000 and $36,000 during that time.
  • With bitcoin trading near $36,500, the new holdings have a current value of over $6 million.
  • The London-based company also said it mined 93 BTC “or bitcoin equivalent” in January, slightly less than the 96 BTC (or equivalent) in December 2020.
  • Per the release, Argo held 501 BTC or equivalents at the end of January.
  • CEO Peter Wall said January was the “best month in the company’s history in both mining revenue and profits.”
  • Argo’s Q4 2020 earnings are project to be released in late April.
  • Shares of Argo have soared over 1,350% in the past year. They are currently trading around $1.29, slightingly down from their peak in early January.

See also: Bitcoin Miners Saw Revenue Rise 62% in January From December

Correction (Feb. 3, 15:21 UTC): Argo shares price converted to dollars corrected.

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NFT Marketplace Rarible Closes $1.75M Seed Raise From 1kx, Coinbase Ventures

5 years 8 months ago

Non-fungible token (NFT) marketplace Rarible is building a “Uniswap for NFTs” and has fresh dough to get it done.

The token startup has raised $1.75 million from early-stage fund 1kx to broaden its decentralized market venue to include a new governance structure, co-founders Alex Salnikov and Alexei Falin told CoinDesk in a phone interview.

Rarible’s round was joined by Coinbase Ventures, ParaFi Capital and CoinFund, among others.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

The new funds will be allocated for building out a decentralized autonomous organization (DAO) structure for the buying and selling of NFTs on Rarible, the startup said in a press release. Funds will also be used for researching decentralized solutions for buying and selling NFTs.

“There’s no place to do that in a decentralized way. We are trying to build a decentralized approach, a Uniswap for NFTs,” Falin said.

Rarible currently supports two token standards, the ERC-1155 and ERC-721. Both are used almost exclusively in NFT markets while Ethereum’s burgeoning decentralized finance (DeFi) markets use the more common ERC-20 standard.

Salnikov said the startup is also building out a “multi-chain strategy” and will “support several of them” in the near future.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

The addition comes during a hot time for NFT markets. OpenSea, the premier platform for buying and selling tokenized collectibles, posted some $1.9 million in sales volume on Feb. 1.

“NFTs are entering a phase of interesting experimentation beyond their basic use cases, becoming a platform for permissionless innovation and unlocking killer uses that we cannot even imagine yet,” 1kx co-founder Lasse Clausen said in a statement. “Rarible is one of the best-positioned platforms in the ecosystem to promote and accelerate the open experimentation of NFTs.”

Rarible has recently garnered celebrity attention. Rapper Soulja Boy created his own NFT in his likeness followed by Dallas Mavericks basketball team owner Mark Cuban, who sold his NFT at auction for 30 ether (ETH) worth some $15,000.

“What we’re seeing in 2021 is early product-market fit with artists, creators, and collectors of digital non-fungible assets,” CoinFund founder Jake Brukhman said in a statement. “We are extremely excited to support Rarible from the pre-seed round to the present round in building a platform for this new asset class for the modern digital world.”

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Uphold to Launch Crypto Card in Europe After Optimus Acquisition

5 years 8 months ago

Digital finance platform Uphold says it has acquired card-issuer Optimus Cards UK, opening the door for the firm to roll out its own “crypto-enabled” debit card in Europe. 

Uphold announced the news Tuesday, saying its new acquisition comes with a full Electronic Money Institution (EMI) license from the U.K.’s Financial Conduct Authority (FCA).

The firm plans to start rolling out its multi-asset debit card on the Optimus platform in Europe “shortly.”

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

CEO JP Thieriot said Uphold had to pass the FCA’s rigorous “Change In Control” process for approval of firms seeking to acquire or increase control of another company.

“We’re very excited to get to work and help scale Optimus’s thriving EMD agency business, which already supports several major crypto and fintech ecosystems,” he said.

Read more: Uphold Teams With TaxBit to More Accurately Report Users’ Crypto Trades

European Uphold customers will soon be able to receive part or all of their salary in bitcoin or other asset “and spend it using Uphold Cards issued through Optimus,” Thieriot added.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

Uphold was founded by CNET founder Halsey Minor as Bitreserve in 2014. He left the firm in 2018, according to his LinkedIn profile.

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CoinDesk

Rare Sneaker App Switches From Ethereum to Hedera to Skip Blockchain Fees

5 years 8 months ago

SUKU, a blockchain startup that tracks luxury goods, among other things, is moving its high-end sneaker authentication system to Hedera Hashgraph because the fees on Ethereum became too high.

The first SUKU application to migrate to Hedera is called INFINITE, and it uses non-fungible tokens (NFTs), one-of-a-kind digital watermarks, to authenticate and enable easy secondary trading in limited-edition kicks, which tend to command prices of $2,000 and upward.

The sneaker authentication app has a physical NFT tag inside the shoe, combined with the unforgeable identity token. (It’s not the first time rare and valuable sneakers have been crossed with NFTs.) The cost of creating an NFT on Ethereum at current gas prices is over $80, as opposed to $1 to mint a one-off token on Hedera, explained Yonathan Lapchik, CEO of Citizens Reserve, the creator of SUKU.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

“Don’t get me wrong, we love Ethereum,” said Lapchik. “But now we are getting a lot of users of the app and we need to make those fees as low as possible, and on Ethereum it really wasn’t possible to scale.”

Lapchik said the INFINITE app is now being integrated into three sneaker authentication platforms including StockX, the iconic secondary sneaker marketplace. The secondary market in rare trainers is well established but it lacks the kind of digital titles that tend to accompany luxury watches, for example.

“We are really tackling the issue of tags that authenticate sneakers that really don’t work nowadays,” said Lapchik. “If you have a pair of sneakers and want to resell back to the platform you got them from, or to someone else, you need to get them authenticated again. What we’ve built is valuable for secondary marketplaces but also for brands.”

The SUKU blockchain journey started some three and a half years ago, using a mix of Quorum, the privacy-centric fork of Ethereum designed by JPMorgan, as well as the public chain. SUKU continues to be enterprise-focused (its OMNI platform also does supply chain track-and-trace), and hence Hedera is well suited to the firm’s needs, said Lapchik.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

Under the hood, Hedera uses a variation of distributed ledger technology that can handle very high transaction volume but isn’t really blockchain. The network is governed by the Hedera Governing Council, which includes firms such as Google, IBM and LG running nodes. 

A key part of the migration, SUKU will be the first firm to leverage Hedera’s Token Service in a way similar to the non-fungible ERC-721 token standard on Ethereum, Lapchik said.

“We have created the same foundation that we have with ERC-721 and brought that to Hedera Token Service NFTs,” he said.

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Crypto Banking Company BCB Group Hires Former Coinbase UK CEO

5 years 8 months ago

Crypto payment services firm BCB Group has appointed former Coinbase UK CEO Zeeshan Feroz as an adviser.

  • According to the announcement, Feroz, who holds a number of other advisory roles with a focus on the growth of startups in the cryptocurrency space, will add “further depth” to the growing BCB Group team.
  • At Coinbase, Feroz headed the business operations in the U.K., European Union and international markets serviced by its U.K. business.
  • “Zeeshan has acquired a number of battle trophies associated with bringing crypto enterprise to global scale and we will lean heavily on his considerable knowledge and experience in the payments innovation space,” said BCB CEO Oliver von Landsberg.
  • Previously, Feroz was the global head of payments at crowdfunding firm Tilt.com, and also held positions at Skrill and Paysafe.
  • BCB Group provides accounts and payments processing for digital asset firms such as Bitstamp, Coinbase, Galaxy and Kraken.

Read more: Huobi Global Connects to European Banking System via UK’s BCB Group

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Valid Points: CoinDesk’s Ethereum 2.0 Validator Is Officially Staked

5 years 8 months ago

After two months of hard work, time and effort, we’re pleased to say the CoinDesk Ethereum 2.0 validator node is set up and our 32 ETH officially staked. 

Here’s our public validator key: 

0xad7fef3b2350d220de3ae360c70d7f488926b6117e5f785a8995487c46d323ddad0f574fdcc50eeefec34ed9d2039ecb

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

Now that CoinDesk is in the queue for validators pending entry into the network, we expect our operations to begin earning rewards in roughly two weeks. For real-time updates on the status of the CoinDesk Eth 2.0 validator, you can find that information on BeaconScan or beaconcha.in by searching for our public validator key. 

This Thursday you’ll also be able to download and listen to our first podcast episode of the series “Mapping Out Eth 2.0.” We will be discussing in more detail how plans for the launch of CoinDesk’s Eth 2.0 validator node came together with CoinDesk Director of Engineering Spencer Beggs. 

New frontiers: Developers regroup on Eth 2.0

Ethereum 2.0 developers haven’t rested on their laurels since the deployment of the Beacon Chain Dec. 1.

On Tuesday, Eth 2.0 researchers gathered online to regroup and discuss long-term thinking on sharding and a potential merge of the Eth 1.x blockchain and the Beacon Chain in 2021.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

Presentations followed along three specific topics: the math needed to support sharding, sharding itself and a newer line of logic for moving along the eventual merge of Eth 1.x into Eth 2.0 called the Executable Beacon Chain.

Kate commitments

Ethereum Foundation researcher Dankrad Feist provided Tuesday’s math lesson; it was a doozy.

Specifically, Feist gave an analysis of a polynomial expression known as Kate commitments (pronounced kah-tay) for Eth 2.0 client teams who may have to encode the math into their projects in the near future. 

Also known as KZG commitments, these polynomial commitment schemes provide a computationally cheap yet robust framework for securing data across the 64 independent blockchains known as shards yet to be ingrained in Eth 2.0.

It’s thought that Kate commitments provide a superior alternative to fraud proofs or Merkle roots typically used for verifying the authenticity of data included in a block or shard, as Vitalik noted in a recent blog post. 

Although still referred to as “magic math,” basically similar ideas are already being used for zero-knowledge proof schemes such as PLONK, Vitalik Buterin said on the call.

Sharding

The conversation then turned to a recent blog post written by Buterin on Data Availability Sampling (DAS), a schematic for verifying the “availability of high volumes of data without requiring any single node to personally download all of the data.” 

In other words, how do validators know which block is valid if they don’t have all the information about the chain’s history? Nodes with only partial histories, such as light clients, need a method to protect themselves from malicious actors.

Buterin proposes using a technology called “erasure coding.” This tech – similar in a general sense to a fraud proof – allows validators to probabilistically guarantee that votes cast on data processed by the chain are not malicious. Moreover, erasure coding and DAS allow validators to accept or reject data even when a full data set is not available.

Executable Beacon Chain

Lastly, the group turned to a new proposal for moving Eth 1.x onto Eth 2.0.

Called the Executable Beacon Chain, the proposal is a technical method of taking the best parts of Eth 2.0 – its functional proof-of-stake (PoS) consensus mechanism – and the most functional part of Eth 1.x – its data execution also known as its ability to execute transactions – and mashing them together for an accelerated transition to a more-functioning Eth 2.0 network.

The current Eth 2.0 roadmap calls for transactions and account data (AKA executable data) to be implemented after the deployment of Eth 2.0’s 64 shards. This proposal would bake those functions right into the Beacon Chain itself, which would be quicker. 

It’s comparable to a jet with Eth 1.x being the “engine” that processes transactions, while the Beacon Chain acts as the wings and rudder turning the network to and fro.

On the call, Ethereum Foundation researcher Guillaume Ballet and ConsenSys researcher Mikhail Kalinin described an early prototype called “Catalyst.” The model is basically a stripped down version of popular Eth 1.x client Geth paired with a code bridge to the Beacon Chain.

Yet, for now, Catalyst remains in testing. Indeed, Ballet noted a few significant hurdles before the Executable Beacon Chain is a viable merging solution, such as incompatibilities between Geth and the Beacon Chain or even inadvertent block re-organizations.

Checking the pulse of Ethereum 2.0

There are over 77,800 active validators on Ethereum 2.0 who are earning 0.0075 ETH per day, or roughly $11.47, on average. The combined income of all validators on Eth 2.0 over the last seven days amounted to over 4,600 ETH, worth over $6.8 million at time of writing. 

It’s worth analyzing how these figures might fluctuate, given the continued inflow of new validators and the consistency of network participation rate upwards of 95%. 

Validator rewards are positively correlated to the number of blocks being produced on the Ethereum 2.0 Beacon Chain. However, this number since Day 2 of the network going live has consistently been more or less the same at around 7,100 blocks. 

Assuming the number of blocks produced per day doesn’t change, total validator rewards are also positively correlated to the number of validators participating on the network. The more validators there are actively progressing the Beacon Chain and producing new blocks, the more rewards in total are generated by the Eth 2.0 network. 

However, the average amount of rewards in ETH an individual validator may receive on Eth 2.0 is negatively correlated to the total amount of stake securing the network. The higher the amount of ETH locked into Ethereum 2.0, the lower the amount of rewards an individual validator can stand to earn, even though collectively the total amount of rewards generated by the network to all validators has gone up. 

To illustrate in more detail the competing forces acting upon validator rewards, I’ll be using the Staking Calculator on beaconcha.in to generate a few estimations of my annual percentage return as an Eth 2.0 validator. 

Estimating Eth 2.0 validator returns

Assuming I am running my own independent validator operations without giving any percentage of my rewards to a staking-as-a-service provider, and a consistency of network participation rate at 97% and the total amount of ETH staked on the network as 2.5 million, I stand to earn 9.73% APR. 

(Note: The total ETH staked on Ethereum 2.0 is not the same amount as the total ETH staked in the Ethereum 2.0 deposit contract. The latter illustrated in the Pulse Check graphic is a higher figure that represents the stake of all Eth 2.0 validators whether pending or active, while the former only accounts for the stake of active Eth 2.0 validators who have passed the queue for entry into the network.)

It’s a highly unlikely assumption that the total amount of ETH staked on the network will stay at 2.5 million. New validators, each staking 32 ETH, are being added by the hundreds every single day to Eth 2.0. As such, a more realistic assumption is to expect the current total ETH staked on the Beacon Chain to double by the summer or fall. 

At roughly 5 million ETH staked by 155,000 active validators, APR drops down to 6.88%, all other factors being equal. 

One final note on this topic of validator income projections: I haven’t made any assumptions about ETH price. For all these calculations, I’ve used the spot price of ETH at time of writing. 

While I’m confident in my estimations based on the last two months’ data in most respects (the network participation rate, the number of blocks produced, the number of active validators and what total ETH staked on the beacon chain will be in the near future), I’m not at all confident about my assumptions when it comes to ETH price, which lo and behold hit yet another all-time high on Tuesday above $1,500. 

How do you predict that? 

Validated takes
  • A comparison of all available Ethereum 2.0 mainnet clients based on their latest performance metrics (dev.to post, Afri Schoedon)
  • The frequency of slashings continue to fall on Eth 2.0 (HackMD post, Ben Edgington)
  • Aave’s founder Stani Kulechov has made angel investments into nearly 40 DeFi projects (Article, CoinDesk)
  • Decentralized exchange volumes hit record above $50 billion in January (Article, CoinDesk) 
  • Ether cryptocurrency reaches record high, briefly tops $1,500 amid WSB trading buzz (Article, CoinDesk)
  • Ethereum miners earned record $830 million in January (Article, CoinDesk) 
  • Galaxy and Coinbase bet $25 million on decentralized finance using Terra stablecoins (Article, CoinDesk)
  • Grayscale reopens its Ethereum trust to investors (Article, CoinDesk)
  • Reddit joins with the Ethereum Foundations to build scaling tools (Article, CoinDesk) 
  • How stablecoins are driving decentralized finance on Ethereum (Blog post, ConsenSys)
  • How wrapped tokens like WBTC bring more liquidity to DeFi (Blog post, Consensys)
  • Interview with long-time crypto advocate and CEO of ShapeShift Erik Voorhees (Podcast, The Defiant)
Factoid of the week

Valid Points incorporates information and data directly from CoinDesk’s own Eth 2.0 validator node in weekly analysis. All profits made from this staking venture will be donated to a charity of our choosing once transfers are enabled on the network. For a full overview of the project, check out our announcement post. 

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Bitcoin Holders Have Now Stashed Away 15% of Circulating Supply

5 years 8 months ago

Long-term investors continue to hoard bitcoin, sucking up market supply and helping the cryptocurrency maintain its broader upward trajectory.

Data provided by Glassnode shows the total balance of bitcoin held in “accumulation addresses” rose to a 3.5-year high of 2,851,608 BTC on Tuesday. That amounts to 15.32% of the total circulating supply of 18,618,081 BTC. The number stood slightly below 14% three months ago.

Accumulation addresses are those that have at least two incoming non-dust transfers (tiny amounts of bitcoin) and have never spent funds. The metric excludes addresses active more than seven years ago to adjust for lost coins and those belonging to miners and exchanges.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

The balance locked in accumulation addresses is up 22% year on year and has increased by 80,000 BTC in the past week alone.

The continued locking up of bitcoin has been creating a sell-side liquidity shortage led by increased institutional buyers and has aided the recent bull run.

Other on-chain metrics also back the bullish picture. For instance, the number of coins held in exchange addresses continues to slide, taking more sell-side liquidity off the market. The balance held on exchanges fell to a 2.5-year low of 2,349,040 BTC on Monday.

Bitcoin is currently trading near $36,220, representing a 1.92% gain on the day, according to CoinDesk 20 data. The cryptocurrency broke out of a three-week-long descending channel with a 6% rise on Tuesday.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

The breakout implies an end to the recent pullback from the record high of $41,962 reached on Jan. 8 and a resumption of the bull run.

Also read: Bullish Bitcoin Fundamentals Point to Renewed Price Rally Ahead

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Visa Signals Further Crypto Ambitions With API Pilot for Bank Customers to Buy Bitcoin

5 years 8 months ago

Visa (V) is piloting a suite of application programming interfaces (APIs) that will allow banks to offer bitcoin services, the payments giant announced Wednesday.

The Visa Crypto APIs pilot program will let clients “easily connect into the infrastructure provided by Visa’s partner, Anchorage, a federally chartered digital asset bank, to allow their customers to buy and sell digital assets such as bitcoin as an investment within their existing consumer experiences,” Visa said in a press statement.

Visa envisions a product set that extends to other cryptocurrencies and stablecoins as well as other crypto services such as trading, Visa crypto lead Cuy Sheffield told CoinDesk in an interview. Digital bank First Boulevard is the first bank involved in the pilot; Visa has issued a wait list for other banks.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

Previously, Visa had been focused on helping crypto companies issue bank cards and has partnered with 35 crypto firms to date, but this is the first time the company has offered crypto services to banks.

Last week, Visa CEO Al Kelly said during an earnings call that stablecoins could be used for “global commerce,” adding that “to the extent a specific digital currency becomes a recognized means of exchange, there’s no reason why we cannot add it to our network.”

‘Next phase’

“This is shifting to the next phase of Visa’s strategy where we’re looking at how Visa can also be a bridge between the thousands of financial institutions … and help them tap into the growing world of crypto assets and blockchain networks,” Sheffield told CoinDesk in an interview. “We’re excited to see what early tests and consumer engagement look like for things like dollar-cost averaging to buy bitcoin or for things like earning bitcoin back as rewards.”

Similarly, digital asset manager NYDIG tapped banking technology provider Moven to offer NYDIG’s APIs for buying, selling and holding crypto to Moven’s bank customers. Both products come in the wake of several letters from the U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency giving banks the green light to custody crypto and the ability to conduct payments and other activities with stablecoins. 

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

Visa’s news also comes after Anchorage became the first OCC-approved national crypto bank, although Sheffield said that Visa had been working on this product with Anchorage and regulators long before the custodian’s charter was granted.

Creating a Black crypto bank

The news also coincided with an announcement from Visa that it would be partnering with five Black-focused banks and fintechs to offer financial and business services that cater to the Black community.

First Boulevard, the first firm to join the Visa pilot, is a digital bank that is building tools to help African Americans passively build wealth and will launch sometime in early 2021. The bank plans on using the bitcoin services and its partnership with Visa to educate its customers about bitcoin as a way to close the general wealth disparities faced by Black communities, said Donald Hawkins, president and CEO of First Boulevard.

In the future, Hawkins said he hopes his customers come to the bank rather than YouTube for information about investing in crypto.

Currently, First Boulevard offers customers 15% cash back for spending at Black-owned businesses. In the future, Hawkins plans to allow bank customers to put those rewards into crypto investments or high-yield crypto savings accounts. 

First Boulevard plans to partner with Visa on financial education in addition to using the crypto services plugins.

“Crypto is a gateway to financial literacy,” Sheffield said. “It’s much easier to get people excited about money and important concepts around investing by just explaining what bitcoin is.”

The bank also plans to offer resources for investing in real estate as well as micro-investing. 

Normally, banks in traditional finance have to get buy-in from the board and management before making a play in the crypto space. At First Boulevard, jumping into crypto was “serendipitous,” Hawkins said.  

“Our target market is Black Gen Z and millennial women,” Hawkins said. “The majority of our team is made up of exactly our target market. … So cryptocurrency has been a hot topic in our company since the very beginning.”

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Binance Says It Wants to Get More People Using Crypto With Its New Payments Service

5 years 8 months ago

Cryptocurrency exchange Binance has launched a payments system called Binance Pay in what its CEO says is a move aimed at getting people to use crypto rather than merely holding it.

According to the exchange’s page about the new product, Binance Pay, currently in beta, allows users to make “contactless, borderless and secure” cryptocurrency payments around the world.

“Binance Pay is a basket product which we do plan to spend a lot of effort on this year. We think that payments is one of the most obvious use cases for crypto,” said Changpeng “CZ” Zhao, founder and CEO of Binance, announcing the news at the virtual Binance Blockchain Week event Tuesday.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

The Pay platform allows users to pay and be paid in five cryptocurrencies – bitcoin, ether, swipe (SXP), BNB and BUSD – and one fiat currency so far, the euro.

When CoinDesk asked Binance if it intends to add more payment options, a representative said more information on “functionalities and plans” would be released soon.

Users will need to top up their Binance Pay wallets (shared with the Binance Card wallet) in order to make payments. QR codes are generated when a payment is made that can be scanned by the recipient in order to receive their funds.

According to CZ, payments is one of the “most obvious use cases for crypto,” but merchants face difficulties with fluctuating prices and low adoption.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

Read more: Binance Expects to Earn From $800M to $1B This Year, CEO Says: Report

Binance Pay gives merchants the option to accept fiat-backed stablecoins (so far limited to its own BUSD token) so they aren’t affected by price volatility, he said.

Further, “users can pay in crypto directly. This allows the users to stay completely in crypto,” CZ added.

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ErisX Exchange Asks CFTC to Approve Sports Bet Futures as ‘Risk Hedging’ Tools

5 years 8 months ago

Cryptocurrency derivatives platform ErisX is making an unusual attempt to push through futures contracts tied to the outcome of National Football League (NFL) games.

According to a report from Bloomberg on Tuesday, ErisX formally asked the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in mid-December to give the green light to its gambling-linked futures.

Approval for three types of contracts on NFL games is being sought. One is based on the winner of a game, the second is based on the point difference scored by a particular team while a third is based on total points scored.

Related: Bitcoin News Roundup for Feb. 3, 2021

Because of differing laws across U.S. states around sports betting, sportsbooks have experienced major disparities in the amount of wagers drawn by teams. This has the potential to create an imbalance that leads to gambling venues having to pay out more to bettors than they take in.

Hinging on that fact, ErisX’s proposed financial instruments are being touted as having nothing to do with betting, but rather as tools for managing risk. Their objective is to hedge against “economic risk” for sportsbooks, said ErisX’s CEO Thomas Chippas in Bloomberg’s report. “This is not a substitute for gaming.”

See also: Fake Horses, Real Bets: Unikrn Is Putting Racetrack NFTs on Ethereum

If approved, trading of the NFL futures contracts would be open to sportsbooks, vendors and companies that agree to help set prices and participate as market makers, while individuals and hedge funds will be banned from participating.

Related: Miami Mayor Previews ‘Favorable’ Crypto Policy

Pending a 90-day review for public comment, the CFTC’s response on the matter is expected around mid-March. If the exchange is given the OK by the regulator, professional baseball and basketball would likely be targeted next.

ErisX partner Jeff Ifrah, a criminal defense attorney with expertise in gaming law, is also helping ErisX’s effort. Together, the exchange and the attorney, with the backing of influential CFTC lobbying firm Delta Strategy Group, have reportedly spent several months in discussions with the regulator’s commissioners.

The CFTC has apparently questioned if the contracts “are contrary to the public interest,” and is casting a cautious eye over whether the products would fly in the face of the U.S. law against gaming contracts. The nation officially banned financial instruments associated with gaming in 2010.

See also: Bitcoin Derivatives Firm ErisX Adds Cash-Settled Contracts After Physically Settled Futures Fall Flat

The regulator is also trying to determine, via public comment, if the contracts proposed by ErisX could be used to manipulate the outcome of a sporting event.

“The only winner under this type of proposal are the casinos themselves,” said Les Bernal, national director of the U.S.-based advocacy group Stop Predatory Gambling, in the report. “It’s going to lead to citizens losing billions of dollars more money than they already are losing.”

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US Navy Couple Charged With Selling 9,000 Stolen Identities for Bitcoin

5 years 8 months ago

A California couple have been indicted over allegations they used their military status to steal the personal information of more than 9,000 people.

According to a report from NBC Los Angeles on Wednesday, Natasha Chalk and her husband Marquis Hooper used their positions in the U.S. Navy to access, then sell the compromised identities for a total of around $160,000 in bitcoin.

Prosecutors allege the couple intended for the stolen personal information to be used in crime related to identity theft.

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Hooper, who was stationed in Japan at the time, was a chief petty officer with the Navy’s Seventh Fleet, while Chalk was a naval reservist stationed at Naval Air Station Lemoore, California.

Last week, the couple were indicted on charges of conspiracy to commit wire fraud, wire fraud and aggravated identity theft.

In August 2018, Hooper got in touch with a company storing millions of people’s personal information and claimed to be conducting background checks on behalf of the U.S. Navy’s Seventh Fleet.

However, it is alleged Hooper gave his wife and others, who were not named, access to the database account. Over the course of two and half months, the couple ran searches on thousands of people.

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The illegally obtained personal data ultimately ended up being used in identity theft by the recipients, according to the indictments.

The couple’s lawyer, Michael McKneely, argued that the pair utilized “commercially available databases” used by everyday people and also added the action by the couple was “clearly part of the scope of their work.”

Prosecutors cite the case of an Arizona man who tried to withdraw money from a bank account using a fake driver’s license that Hooper had allegedly found in the database.

Chalk was detained on Monday, while Hooper was arrested on Tuesday. The pair face a maximum of 20 years in prison, according to the report.

See also: US Man Pleads Guilty to Money Laundering Charges Involving $13M in Bitcoin

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