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Mawson Infrastructure Ups Count of Bitcoin Mining Machines in US Operation

5 years 3 months ago

Australian digital and crypto company Mawson Infrastructure has picked up hundreds of new mining machines from Chinese manufacturer and Nasdaq-listed Canaan Creative.

  • Mawson said it has received 250 Bitmain Antminer S19 Pro machines and is expecting a further 570 Avalon A1246 units from Canaan by month’s end, per a press release on Tuesday.
  • The S19 Pro is one of the latest editions in mining chip-maker Bitmain’s lineup capable of producing 110TH/s with a power efficiency of around 29.5 J/TH.
  • At its flagship U.S. site in Georgia, which generates power derived mostly from renewables, Mawson expects the addition of the new machines will help it break even when mining costs are hovering around $4,000 or less per bitcoin.
  • Gross margins are expected to be more than 80% based on the current bitcoin price and its network difficulty.
  • In August, Mawson is expecting a further 588 Avalon A1246 miners, according to the release.
  • It’s the latest in a string of deliveries for Mawson, having picked up 11,760 A1246 miners from Canaan in April.
  • “Our strong relationships with major ASIC mining hardware manufacturers give us confidence in reaching our corporate goal of 2,000 PH by end 2021, and 5,000 PH by end 2022,” said James Manning, CEO of Mawson.
  • While headquartered in Sydney, the mining company has operations across both the U.S. and Australia.
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China Unveils Cryptography Research Center to Support Digital Yuan

5 years 3 months ago

China opened a new national institute to research applications of cryptography to secure the digital yuan, state-owned People’s Daily reported on Wednesday.

  • The R&D center will be in Jinan, a city in Shandong, a coastal province just east of Beijing.
  • The star-studded opening ceremony included a speech from a deputy governor of the People’s Bank of China, Fan Yifei, as well as a representative from Huawei.
  • A Shandong official, Wang Xiaoyun, presented the province’s blockchain-based education platform, as well as enterprise blockchains for government coordination, energy big data, and supply chain finance.
  • People’s Daily said the central bank digital currency will contribute to China’s financial and national security, on top of injecting innovation into the digital economy.
  • China has been trying to beef up cybersecurity practices domestically since 2017, when it implemented the landmark Cybersecurity Law of the People’s Republic of China.
  • A 2019 encryption law was controversial because it allowed the government to access commercial encrypted information.
  • Trials for the digital yuan are well underway since spring of last year, with a major trial set to take place at the 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics.
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Stellar Foundation Eyes Potential Acquisition of MoneyGram: Report

5 years 3 months ago

Stellar Development Foundation has contacted MoneyGram International about a potential purchase of the 81-year-old remittance giant, Bloomberg reported on Wednesday.

Stellar is partnering with private equity firm Advent on the possible deal, according to unnamed sources cited in the article. Stellar and Advent could decide not to push forward with the acquisition.

In May, San Francisco-based Stellar, a non-profit that supports a blockchain-based platform enabling consumers and institutions to move money, made a $15 million investment in AirTM, a digital wallet and peer-to-peer exchange platform based in Mexico.

Related: J.C. Flowers to Buy 30% of LMAX for $300M

MoneyGram has drawn interest from a blockchain payment services firm before. In November 2019, Ripple completed the acquisition of a $50 million stake in the firm. A year later, it sold a third of its stake. The firms agreed to wind down a partnership agreement in March this year after the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) brought a case against Ripple.

A Stellar takeover of MoneyGram would be a cruel twist of fate for the embattled Ripple given the two crypto projects’ historical rivalry. Jed McCaleb, a co-founder of Ripple, left the company in 2013 after a falling-out with the rest of the leadership to start Stellar. 

UPDATE (July 22, 00:50 UTC): Adds background in last paragraph.

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Robinhood Crypto Expects to Pay $30M Fine to NY State Regulatory Body

5 years 3 months ago

Zero-fee retail trading platform Robinhood is in hot water with New York regulators, according to its recent S-1 filing.

Robinhood Crypto, the crypto trading division of Robinhood, said it expects to pay a $30 million settlement to the New York State Department of Financial Services (NYDFS) after a 2020 investigation “focused primarily on anti-money laundering and cybersecurity-related issues” found the company to be in violation of numerous regulatory requirements. 

In addition to the monetary penalty, Robinhood Crypto will also be required to “engage a monitor.”

Related: How $33B Robinhood Ended Up Being Worth Less Than Coinbase

The $30 million NYDFS fine is the latest in a string of monetary penalties levied against Robinhood by regulators. Last December, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) received a $65 million payment from the trading app to settle allegations it misled customers. And last month, Robinhood was fined $70 million by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the largest fine ever issued by FINRA, for failing to protect customers. 

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Coinbase Commerce Adds Support for Dogecoin Payments

5 years 3 months ago

Coinbase’s e-commerce platform has begun accepting dogecoin payments.

Announced on Twitter Wednesday, the integration places DOGE alongside bitcoin, bitcoin cash, ether, litecoin and USDC as one of only a handful of Coinbase Commerce’s supported cryptos.

It will add fuel to the resurgent memecoin’s bid for crypto payments. Coinbase Commerce allows online merchants to accept cryptocurrencies.

Related: Market Wrap: Bitcoin Climbs as Elon Musk Tames Shorts

This year, billionaire Mark Cuban began taking dogecoin for Dallas Mavericks merch. Elon Musk is also accepting dogecoin as launch payment on an upcoming SpaceX mission. 

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Polygon’s Nailwal: NFTs in Gaming ‘Bigger Than Hollywood’ in the US

5 years 3 months ago

Polygon’s co-founder sees non-fungible tokens (NFT) and gaming as the way people are drawn to the blockchain. The India-based Ethereum layer 2 company recently said it was leaning more into blockchain-based gaming and NFTs by launching a project called Polygon Studios.

Sandeep Nailwal, also Polygon’s chief operations officer, said on CoinDesk TV’s “First Mover that “very few people understand that even in the U.S., [gaming] is bigger than Hollywood, [the National Basketball Association] and multiple other industries combined. Play-to-own and various other models that are coming in are going to disrupt the business models in the gaming industry.” 

He added, “We all believe that NFT is the gateway to bring masses into the blockchain.”

Related: Tom Brady’s NFT Platform Autograph Partners With Lionsgate and DraftKings

NFTs in gaming is one of the hotter blockchain trends of the summer. In Nailwal’s opinion, the vibrancy around gaming is thanks to play-to-own games such as Axie Infinity.

All this is happening at an interesting time for Polygon, one of the largest crypto projects to come out of India. The government of Pres. Nerendra Modi has made it clear it’s leery of digital assets. However, Nailwal said he has yet to come across a single project that faced government interference in India. 

“They only interfere where there is retail buying and selling of crypto,” Nailwal said. Nonetheless, the company has taken steps to “decentralize” where it operates. “No one can predict the future, which is why Polygon has been one of the first projects that decentralized its location. Now, most of our workforce is in the U.S., Europe, parts of Southeast Asia.” 

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Market Wrap: Bitcoin Climbs as Elon Musk Tames Shorts

5 years 3 months ago

Cryptocurrencies rebounded on Wednesday as short sellers covered positions ahead of Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s appearance at The B Word Conference. Bitcoin was trading at around $32,000 at press time and is up 8% over the past 24 hours. The sharp price bounce reflects positive sentiment in an attempt to reverse a monthlong downtrend largely driven by regulatory uncertainty.

During The B Word conference on Wednesday, Musk boosted bullish sentiment as he announced that SpaceX, one of the companies he founded, holds bitcoin on its balance sheet. Musk also stated that he personally owns ether. The announcement contributed to the rising prices across cryptocurrencies on Wednesday with ether breaking above $2,000 for the first time since July 14.

Latest prices

Cryptocurrencies:

Related: Coinbase Commerce Adds Support for Dogecoin Payments

Traditional markets:

  • S&P 500: 4358.7, +0.82%
  • Gold: $1804.2, -0.34%
  • 10-year Treasury yield closed 1.293%, compared with 1.214% on Tuesday.

“We see that volumes of trading have increased at the lower price levels, presumably because people are buying the dip,” Kirill Suslov, CEO of trading app TabTrader, wrote in an email to CoinDesk. 

There is also word that environmental concerns are starting to wane as miners adjust operations to reduce their carbon footprint. The result could encourage those larger investors waiting for an appropriate time to allocate money to cryptocurrencies while fulfilling their environmental, social and governance (ESG) mandate. 

“China’s mining crackdown has drastically improved bitcoin’s environmental impact as miners have headed to the cheapest sources of energy on the planet, which more often than not are renewable, and a lot of older and more inefficient mining equipment has been taken offline,” Alexandra Clark, a sales trader at GlobalBlock, wrote in an email to CoinDesk.

Related: Bitcoin Reclaims $30K as the Macro Discussion Shifts From Inflation to COVID-19 to Growth

Not all analysts are convinced that bitcoin will continue higher. 

“Bitcoin and the [wider] cryptocurrency basket have completely unwound their overbought conditions and are no longer stretched,” MRB Partners wrote in an email to CoinDesk. 

“That said, this does not suggest that another rally looms, it simply implies that cyclically speaking these digital currencies are less overbought with its cyclical trend now facing downward pressure,” MRB wrote.

Bitcoin futures positioning

The number of open positions in bitcoin futures continues to rise, and what appears to be a proliferation of short sellers indicates a dour market mood. That may bring volatility on the higher side, wrote CoinDesk’s Omkar Godbole. 

Open interest, or the number of futures contracts traded but not squared off with an offsetting position, reached the highest tally since May 18 on Tuesday, according to data from the blockchain analytics firm Glassnode. The dollar value of the number of contracts open remained flat at around $12 billion. 

All things considered, the futures market is mainly biased bearish, which leaves the door open for sharp corrective rallies in bitcoin’s price. When leverage is skewed to the bearish side, a move higher often results in forced closure of short positions (exchanges square off shorts). That, in turn, puts upward pressure on the cryptocurrency’s price, leading to exaggerated price moves.

Short capitulation?

Crypto sentiment has reached a new low, according to some “fear/greed” measures. It is likely that extreme fear caused shorts to cover positions as bitcoin dipped to below $30,000 on Tuesday. 

“Many indicators are leaning towards a generally fearful environment at the moment,” Arcane Research wrote in a research note on Tuesday.

Arcane cautioned that investors should beware of the timeliness of some fear/greed measures, especially in traditional markets. 

“Keep in mind what happened as fear loomed on March 12, 2020, when the CNN Fear & Greed index reached an extreme low of 3,” Arcane wrote. The S&P 500 proceeded to drop nearly 25%.

Retail interest slows

Google searches for bitcoin have declined since March 2020, coinciding with the crypto sell-off. The current level of relative search interest is not yet at the 2017 low, which “might be a sign that many retail investors and the general public were already aware of Bitcoin prior to the recent price movements this year,” Coin Metrics wrote in a Tuesday newsletter.

“Institutional adoption is a big reason for Bitcoin’s recent successes in 2020/2021, which will not be captured easily from Google search interest,” Coin Metrics wrote. 

A similar scenario is seen in the interest in Ethereum, which has benefited from the popularity of decentralized finance (DeFi) over the past year. 

Bitcoin Miner Resilience

Bitcoin miners are still accumulating the cryptocurrency, even though some miners are migrating to other places after China started cracking down on crypto mining. “It is possible that additional sell-side pressure from offline distressed miners is being more than offset by the extraordinary profitability by remaining operational miners,” Glassnode wrote.

Stablecoins in the spotlight

A day after stablecoin issuer Circle released more data about the assets behind USDC, other issuers are trying to highlight their efforts in transparency. 

Tether executives went on CNBC’s online show “Tech Check” to answer questions about USDT. An audit for Tether, issuer of the largest stablecoin, USDT, could be “months away, not years,” Stuart Hoegner, Tether’s general counsel, said in the interview on Wednesday.

Meanwhile, Paxos released a breakdown of reserves of its stablecoins, PAX and BUSD, for the first time: Some 96% of the reserves were held in cash and cash equivalents, while 4% were invested in U.S. Treasury bills as of June 30.

The disclosures come during a time when regulators have been paying increasing attention to stablecoins. Speaking to the American Bar Association on Tuesday, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chairman Gary Gensler said the prices of cryptocurrencies might fall under securities laws.

Altcoin roundup
  • Elon Musk boosts dogecoin price, again: The price of dogecoin jumped roughly 9% to $0.213 after Elon Musk reiterated that he personally holds the cryptocurrency in addition to bitcoin and ether at The B Word, before it falls back to $0.188 as of press time. However, among the 243 digital assets in the S&P Cryptocurrency Broad Digital Market (BDM) Index, dogecoin is not in. 
  • Argentina province to issue own stablecoin: The Argentinian province of Misiones will issue its own native stablecoin. According to an official statement published by Misiones’ secretary of finance on July 15, the province has enacted a law authorizing the stablecoin, which will allow it to create a new financing and transaction tool. The project was approved by Misiones’ House of Representatives and is being studied by an interdisciplinary team that includes Adolfo Safrán, the province’s minister of finance. 
Relevant news Other markets

Most digital assets on CoinDesk 20 ended up higher on Wednesday. In fact, everything was in the green except for dollar-linked stablecoins.

Notable winners as of 21:00 UTC (4:00 p.m. ET):

aave (AAVE) +11.84%

the Graph (GRT) +11.41%

polkadot (DOT) +10.15%

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NJ Regulators Give BlockFi 1 Week Before Blocking New Interest Accounts

5 years 3 months ago

New Jersey regulators are giving crypto lender BlockFi an extra week before its ban on the creation of new interest-bearing accounts will take effect, CEO Zac Prince tweeted Wednesday.

Prince said New Jersey’s Bureau of Securities (NJ BOS) “has postponed the effective date” of Tuesday’s surprise order to stop the sale of BlockFi interest accounts until July 29. Originally, the order was set to hit on July 22.

NJ BOS contends that BlockFi Interest Accounts amount to unregistered securities; BlockFi claims they are not.

Related: SEC Chair Hints Some Stablecoins Are Securities

The extra week buys BlockFi some time to navigate the ramifications of the regulator’s order. That said, it could be a body-blow to the crypto lender. NJ BOS has said BlockFi holds $14.7 billion in assets through its BIA product. (How much of that is held by New Jersey consumers is unclear.)

BlockFi’s Prince has repeatedly said the cease-and-desist will not impact existing BlockFi customers, a claim the NJ BOS order appears to echo.

Less clear, however, is the extent to which this could impact new BlockFi customers, and whether its impact could spread beyond New Jersey.

BlockFi declined to comment further. NJ BOS did not immediately comment.

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The 2021 Crypto Hype Is Down, but Old Traders Are Unfazed, Says EXMO CEO

5 years 3 months ago

The stagnation in the crypto market has discouraged newbies, but seasoned traders remain unfazed, the CEO of the EXMO cryptocurrency exchange said.

EXMO, an exchange with about $40 million in daily trading volume according to CoinGecko, has been catering mostly to traders in Russia, Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan, but has been actively expanding in the U.K recently, said CEO Sergey Zhdanov. 

In June, trading activity on both spot and derivative crypto markets contracted more than 40%, a report by CryptoCompare said. 

Related: Crypto Exchanges See Biggest Bitcoin Outflow in 7 Months. A Reason to Cheer?

“Retail traders who flocked into crypto in 2021 were set aback by the declining price,” Zhdanov said. “New people come with an assumption that [crypto] will be growing forever, but then it falls.”

The DOGE crowd

Many new traders were drawn by Tesla CEO Elon Musk’s Twitter rants about dogecoin, Zhdanov said. That was especially notable in the U.K., where EXMO has fewer users, and so knowing who the new traders were was more apparent. 

“In January and February, when Elon Musk was tweeting [about DOGE], the first surge of interest happened. [British news outlet] Metro.co.uk wrote about it and provided a link to us, and 10,000 of new British users came, all after dogecoin,” Zhdanov said.

For the vast majority of those newbies, the pattern was simple: They bought DOGE high, sold low after the price went down, and then withdrew money and left, Zhdanov said. They did not switch to older cryptocurrencies like bitcoin or ether and instead just capitulated, he said.

Related: EXMO Exchange Taps Ledger Vault to Help Secure User Assets After 2020 Hack

Read also: Dogecoin Falls as Musk Underwhelms and Reality Intrudes

Still, 10% of those new users have remained active traders and made up about $1 million of trading volume during the last six months, Zhdanov said. This doesn’t necessarily mean that those traders invested a lot of money in crypto but rather that they made a lot of trades. They might have been using the same deposit amount to buy coins, sell them and then buy again, and so on. 

In contrast to the fresh users, more experienced traders who began before this year and had seen previous ups and downs of the market kept trading even in the days of low volatility and depressed prices, Zhdanov said. 

“Experienced traders have a longer-term strategy – even when the market is quiet, they keep buying or selling,” he said.

In any case, the first half of 2021 was better for EXMO than all of last year, according to Zhdanov. The exchange now has 1.9 million registrations, and about 100,000 users have $5 or more in their accounts. Out of the 1.9 million, 200,000 users registered this year, and 35,000 of them have actually started to trade.

And the older crowd prefers the old coins: Up to 80% of trading on EXMO is in bitcoin and ether, Zhdanov said.

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Elon Musk Says SpaceX Holds Bitcoin at ‘B Word’ Conference

5 years 3 months ago

Elon Musk’s love-hate affair with various cryptocurrency communities continues apace as he shared more details about his and his companies’ holdings at The B Word, a conference held Wednesday.

One of his privately held ventures, aerospace company SpaceX, holds BTC, Musk said. SpaceX’s bitcoin holdings had not been previously disclosed.

The entrepreneur and provocateur said he personally owns bitcoin, ether and, naturally, dogecoin.

Related: Coinbase Commerce Adds Support for Dogecoin Payments

Publicly traded automaker Tesla, whose BTC bags were revealed in February, still holds the asset in its treasury, the CEO said.

The bitcoin price jumped Wednesday by the most since mid-June. At one point, the largest cryptocurrency was changing hands around $32,800, up more than 10% over the past 24 hours, but later pared those gains to about 6%.

According to Quantum Economics founder Mati Greenspan, bitcoin’s price rise earlier on Wednesday was partly on anticipation of the event.

“As we await what promises to be the greatest-ever bitcoin livestream, it’s clear that the market is already very excited,” Greenspan wrote in his daily newsletter. At its peak, Dogecoin was up 19% on Wednesday to about 20 cents.

Related: Market Wrap: Bitcoin Climbs as Elon Musk Tames Shorts

On Tesla accepting bitcoin for car payments again, Musk said the network’s energy usage is improving and Tesla is doing some more due diligence on this, but that Tesla would “most likely” resume accepting BTC for payments. The price of bitcoin fell sharply after Musk first announced in May that Tesla would no longer accept bitcoin as payment for its products because of concerns over the amount of energy used to mine it. 

Musk also asked fellow conference participant Jack Dorsey, the CEO of Twitter and Square, whether he would consider accepting bitcoin as payment from Twitter’s advertisers as a way to support the cryptocurrency. 

Dorsey replied that he agreed with the concept but that he was more focused on creating “economic incentives in the network itself without having to rely on advertising.” 

When Musk pressed him for an answer of whether he would actually allow advertisers to pay with bitcoin; however, Dorsey laughed and stopped short of committing to do it right away.

And on the subject of his favorite crypto dogecoin, about which he often tweets, Musk said he likes that the DOGE community is very irreverent and “has great memes and loves dogs, and I love dogs and memes.” 

“The most ironic and entertaining outcome would be the the cryptocurrency that was started as a joke to make fun of cryptocurrencies ends up being the leading cryptocurrency,” Musk said, chuckling.

Dogecoin pared its gains later in the day and was up approximately 10% to just under 19 cents over the last 24 hours.

UPDATE (July 21, 20:04 UTC): This story was updated to reflect additional comments from Twitter and Square CEO Jack Dorsey, as well as comments from Musk about dogecoin.

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British Man Arrested in Connection With Last Year’s Massive Twitter Hack

5 years 3 months ago

Spanish officials have arrested a 22-year-old British man in connection with last July’s huge Twitter hack, in which at least 130 high-profile accounts, many belonging to celebrities, were taken over and used to promote a bitcoin scam that netted the hackers approximately $120,000. 

Joseph O’Conner, also known by his online handle PlugWalkJoe, was arrested Wednesday by the Spanish National Police in Estepona, Spain, at the request of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). He was charged with multiple counts of conspiracy and intentionally accessing a computer without authorization. 

The Twitter hack compromised the accounts of top cryptocurrency exchanges, and prominent crypto Twitter accounts (including CoinDesk), before moving on to mainstream accounts including those of Elon Musk, Warren Buffett, Kanye West, Joe Biden and former President Barack Obama. 

Related: Founders of South African Crypto Investment Firm – and $3.6B in Bitcoin – Are Missing

The accounts all tweeted a bitcoin scam, promising to double senders’ bitcoin if they sent them to a specific address. 

O’Conner is the fourth co-conspirator to be arrested in connection with the hack. 

In late July 2020, officials arrested three individuals – Nima Fazeli, Mason John Sheppard, and Graham Clark – and charged them with multiple felony counts of fraud.

Seventeen-year-old Graham Clark, considered by officials to be the ringleader of the hack, was charged with 30 felonies and was sentenced to three years in prison in March. 

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Tether General Counsel Tells CNBC Audit Is ‘Months’ Away

5 years 3 months ago

Bosa: “Quick question just to follow up on the audit. To go back a tiny little bit, I know that you said you would be thrilled to be the first crypto company and stablecoin to go through an audit. Do you have a date in mind?”

Hoegner: “We don’t at this time, no, but we are reaching back a couple of years for the financial audit and that is in process.”

Bosa: “Okay, do you think that’s years away?”

Related: Paxos Reveals Assets Backing Stablecoins PAX, BUSD

Hoegner: “Months, not years.”

Bosa: “Only months away?”

Hoegner: “Yep”

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Argentina’s Misiones Province Plans to Issue Its Own Stablecoin

5 years 3 months ago

The Argentinian province of Misiones will issue its own native stablecoin. 

According to an official statement published by Misiones’ secretary of finance on July 15, the province has enacted a law authorizing the stablecoin, which will allow it to create a new financing and transaction tool.

The project was approved by Misiones’ House of Representatives and is being studied by an interdisciplinary team that includes Adolfo Safrán, the province’s minister of finance. 

Related: Tether General Counsel Tells CNBC Audit Is ‘Months’ Away

“Misiones is the first province in the country to sanction a conceptual framework to develop these digital tools that are transforming finance and public and private management at a global level,” the statement said.

It is unclear whether Misiones will create its own blockchain or tap an existing network to support the stablecoin.

The law seeks to implement blockchain technology “with the aim of digitizing information in a reliable, transparent, secure, traceable and, moreover, environmentally friendly way,” the statement said. 

Blockchain technology will be used in a green bond that will keep track of the carbon footprint absorbed daily by Misiones’ forests.

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Blockstream Rolls Out a Bitcoin Lightning Node for N00bs

5 years 3 months ago

Blockstream, a prominent and influential Bitcoin technology startup, has introduced a service designed to make setting up a node on the cryptocurrency’s Lightning Network a snap. 

Known as Greenlight, the service allows users to maintain complete control over their funds while setting up a Lightning node using the company’s cloud infrastructure, Blockstream said. The private keys for both on-chain and off-chain transactions never leave the custody of the user; rather, users interact with their nodes via a simple user interface managed by Blockstream.

The Lightning Network has seen torrid growth over the past couple of months and has become easier to use as well with the introduction of apps like Jack Mallers’ Strike. Greenlight’s simple interface promises to attract more users.

Related: Las Vegas Strip Club Now Accepts Bitcoin Payments Over the Lightning Network

Referred to as a “second layer” system, Lightning is designed to enable microtransactions that may be too costly and slow to execute on the Bitcoin blockchain during periods of high network traffic. If widely adopted, it could make BTC more practical for everyday payments (think cups of coffee).

But the Lightning software can be bewildering for neophytes. Many non-technical enthusiasts often find themselves trusting a third-party service operator with their private keys in return for a simpler setup, undermining one of the chief selling points of Bitcoin: control over one’s money.

“Getting started with Lightning can be a challenge for some, especially the more technical aspects like operating channels or creating backups and watchtowers,” said Christian Decker, core tech engineer at Blockstream. With Greenlight, the company aims to give users the best of both worlds.

Greenlight is built on top of c-lightning, an implementation of the Lightning Network protocol optimized for performance and extendibility. Blockstream has been very public about its support for c-lightning in the past.

Related: Nodes on Bitcoin’s Lightning Network Double in 3 Months

The company said it believes c-lightning’s can keep transaction fees low; however, Greenlight also allows users to “share” a node, hence sharing fee costs.

Greenlight is intended to be user-friendly and educational for potential Lightning users or even just hobbyists. Some developers are hamstrung by the fact that they are unable to run their own nodes, Blockstream said. Greenlight is intended to break that barrier and allow for more development.

The service is available on the Sphinx and Lastbit Lightning payment apps and will be released to the public over time. During this rollout period, Greenlight will be free to use.

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Paxos Reveals Assets Backing Stablecoins PAX, BUSD

5 years 3 months ago

Paxos has released a breakdown of reserves of its stablecoins PAX and BUSD for the first time: Some 96% of the reserves were held in cash and cash equivalents, while 4% were invested in U.S. Treasury bills as of June 30.

The company’s disclosure came a day after Circle, issuer of the second largest stablecoin USDC, revealed its assets backing the token. Tether, issuer of the largest stablecoin USDT, disclosed a breakdown of the reserves in May. 

Investors have been demanding more transparency from stablecoin issuers, while regulators have warned that a loss of confidence in stablecoins could destabilize cryptocurrency markets and potentially even spread to Wall Street.

Related: Market Wrap: Bitcoin Climbs as Elon Musk Tames Shorts

BUSD is the third largest stablecoin by market cap, while PAX is the seventh largest, according to data from CoinGecko.

All of Paxos’s cash balances are held in U.S. insured depository institutions, while all its cash equivalents are held in “U.S. Treasury bills with maturities of 3 months or less, or overnight repurchase agreements, overcollateralized by U.S. Treasury instruments,” according to a blog post Wednesday written by Dan Burstein, general counsel and chief compliance officer of Paxos.  

The other 4% of reserves are in U.S. Treasury bills but were categorized seperately, since those Treasury bills are four months from maturity, all maturing in October 2021, according to Burstein’s post. 

“As the market becomes more and more mature, and more and more players come in, there can be multiple [stablecoin] products that serve different purposes,” Becky McClain, director of communications at Paxos, told CoinDesk. 

Related: Tether General Counsel Tells CNBC Audit Is ‘Months’ Away

“Paxos is building a product that is designed to serve an institutional audience that really demands trust and transparency and oversight and regulation,” McClain said.  

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SEC Chair Hints Some Stablecoins Are Securities

5 years 3 months ago

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Chair Gary Gensler said cryptocurrencies whose prices depend on more traditional securities might fall under securities laws.

Speaking to the American Bar Association on Tuesday, Gensler said some platforms are offering crypto tokens “that are priced off” securities and resemble derivatives products. In his view, any security-based products will have to comply with trade reporting rules and other laws, he said.

“Make no mistake: It doesn’t matter whether it’s a stock token, a stable value token backed by securities, or any other virtual product that provides synthetic exposure to underlying securities,” he said. “These platforms – whether in the decentralized or centralized finance space – are implicated by the securities laws and must work within our securities regime.”

Related: Market Wrap: Bitcoin Climbs as Elon Musk Tames Shorts

Gensler warned that his agency may bring future enforcement actions as well, noting that “we’ve brought some cases involving retail offering of securities-based swaps,” seemingly referring to a case the SEC brought against financial app Abra, which paid $300,000 in penalties on charges of selling security-based swaps to retail investors last year. 

Crypto exchange Binance also recently announced it was closing its stock token business, though technically U.S. customers should not have been able to access this service.

Gensler didn’t specify any tokens in his speech, but his remarks come amid increased regulatory scrutiny around digital assets, with stablecoins in particular popping up more and more in congressional hearings.

Yesterday, Circle, the issuer of USDC, published a breakdown of the assets backing the stablecoin. In addition to cash, the token is backed by money market funds, commercial paper, corporate and municipal bonds and certificates of deposits issued by foreign banks.

Related: NJ Regulators Give BlockFi 1 Week Before Blocking New Interest Accounts

Some of these reserves, including the money market funds, bonds and commercial paper, are currently treated as securities under U.S. law.

Tether, the issuer of the world’s largest stablecoin, USDT, has also said its reserves included investments in commercial paper and corporate bonds. 

Gensler isn’t alone in his view that stablecoins that are backed by securities should be treated as securities. U.S. Rep. Warren Davidson (R-Ohio) previously told CoinDesk that “it gets hard to say” that such a stablecoin isn’t itself a security. 

“I think you could easily craft a stablecoin that meets a test that says ‘no, this is not a security,’” the lawmaker said. 

Stablecoins that are backed by securities should be regulated by the SEC, he said.

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Bitcoin Futures Positions at 2-Month High as Traders Go Short

5 years 3 months ago

The number of open positions in bitcoin futures traded on major exchanges, including Binance and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange, continues to rise, and what appears to be a proliferation of short sellers indicates a dour market mood. That may bring volatility on the higher side. 

Open interest, or the number of futures contracts traded but not squared off with an offsetting position, rose to 397,873.36 BTC on Tuesday, reaching the highest tally since May 18, according to data from the blockchain analytics firm Glassnode. The dollar value of the number of contracts open remained flat at around $12 billion. 

When measured in kind, the metric has risen by more than 100,000 BTC since late May. According to experts, the uptick in open interest indicates traders have been opening short or sell positions amid flat-to-negative price action in the cryptocurrency. Bitcoin has mainly traded in the $30,000 to $40,000 range in the past two months, barring a couple of short-lived dips to $29,000.

Related: Market Wrap: Bitcoin Climbs as Elon Musk Tames Shorts

“In my opinion, it’s mostly short futures, given the persistent negative funding rates in perpetual markets over past few weeks as well as futures markets trading in backwardation,” Shiliang Tang, chief investment officer of LedgerPrime, a $130 million crypto hedge fund, told CoinDesk. 

The perpetual market has consistently seen negative rates since mid-May. 

Calculated every eight hours, the funding rate refers to the cost of holding long/short positions in the bitcoin perpetuals (futures with no expiry) market. The metric is used by exchanges offering perpetuals to balance the market and guide perpetual prices toward the spot price. 

A positive funding rate means longs are paying shorts to keep the position open, and the market is skewed bullish. Meanwhile, a negative funding rate implies a bearish market positioning. 

Related: Elon Musk Says SpaceX Holds Bitcoin at ‘B Word’ Conference

The three-month basis, or the difference between the price of the three-month futures and the spot price, recently turned negative, flipping into the so-called backwardation, a sign of bearish sentiment among futures traders. 

“Institutional investors seem very cautious at the moment and in general seem to be in the process of de-risking,” Arcane Research said in a weekly research note published Tuesday. “The futures premiums on the unregulated offshore derivatives market is also trending towards zero, with FTX still trading at a slight premium.”

One question is whether the uptick in open interest results from direction-agnostic arbitrage strategies, which involve buying bitcoin in the spot market against a sell position in the futures market. The strategy seeks to profit from the futures premium, which evaporates as expiry nears and converges with the spot price on the day of the settlement, making relatively low-risk returns for the carry trader. 

However, the regular cash-and-carry strategy has lost its shine with premiums in single-digits or negative (backwardation) compared with the record 40% basis in mid-April. 

Some traders anticipating a bullish revival and a rise in the futures premium may have employed a “reverse cash-and-carry” strategy by selling bitcoin in the spot market against a long futures position.

“Increased reverse cash-and-carry positions could have lifted open interest, but I doubt that it’s the primary driver,” Rahul Rai, managing partner at Gamma Point Capital, said. “So overall, it looks like there’s decent short interest at these levels.” Gamma Point Capital runs a market-neutral fund. 

LedgerPrime’s Tang said reverse cash-and-carry strategies appear quite unattractive with annualized premiums in single digits. Further, Tang pointed to low bitcoin borrowing rates offered by lending-borrowing protocols as evidence of weak demand to borrow bitcoin and short against a long position in the futures market. 

All things considered, the futures market is mainly biased bearish, which leaves the door open for sharp corrective rallies in bitcoin’s price. When leverage is skewed to the bearish side, a move higher often results in forced closure of short positions (exchanges square off shorts). That, in turn, puts upward pressure on the cryptocurrency’s price, leading to exaggerated price moves. “A rally up could cause them to get liquidated,” Rai said.

Bitcoin is currently trading at $31,400, representing a 5% gain on the day.

Also read: Bitcoin Retakes $31K as Traditional Markets See Risk Reset, BNY Mellon Makes Crypto Push 

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Bitcoin Miners Now Have a Tool to Verify Their Machines’ Hashrate

5 years 3 months ago

Think of it as the Carfax of bitcoin mining.

Announced Wednesday, Compass Mining and mining consultancy Navier are rolling out a new tool that lets buyers and sellers verify the advertised hashrate of their specialized bitcoin mining machines.

Like most third-party verifiers, the tool, HashTest, is working to answer a common question for buyers and sellers: How does something actually work versus how it’s advertised?

Related: Bitcoin Miner Iris Energy Aims to Raise $200M in Funding Before Nasdaq Listing: Report

In the bitcoin mining context, it’s important because there are few ways to verify how a machine is actually performing when plugged in and running at a mining site. That data is usually kept private by mining companies. 

“HashTest is a tool we have created for everyone to identify independent and unbiased information regarding an ASIC,” Compass Mining CTO Paul Gosker said in a statement, referring to the application-specific integrated circuit machines that power most bitcoin mining operations. “HashTest will allow sellers to demonstrate the performance of an ASIC to a buyer.” 

Data for retail ASICs is still fairly splintered in terms of transparency. For example, the Compass mining marketplace lets crypto miners big and small purchase and deploy their rigs. A tool like HashTest would allow buyers of mining equipment to get better efficiency data on the machines they’re purchasing. Hashrate is a measure of the computational power working to add new blocks to the Bitcoin blockchain.

“HashTest is the first globally available independent hashrate testing service,” Navier CEO Josh Metnick said in a statement. “We are not a manufacturer, we are not a mine, we are not a pool, and we do not make firmware. Our only goal is to provide the most accurate and unbiased hashrate measurement. We believe these datasets will empower both small and large miners to make more informed decisions.”

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Bitstamp Names Kraken Veteran Zagotta as New US Chief Executive

5 years 3 months ago

Cryptocurrency exchange Bitstamp has hired Robert “Bobby” Zagotta to become its first U.S. chief executive officer, the company said Wednesday.

Zagotta, who was Kraken’s chief commercial officer for over three years, will oversee Luxembourg-based Bitstamp’s daily U.S. operations and help the company achieve the goal of growing its U.S. business.

Noting the U.S.’s “unique regulatory landscape and huge potential upside in the digital asset industry,” hiring a regional CEO demonstrates “the importance that the United States is playing for our global exchange,” global CEO Julian Sawyer said in a press release.

Related: Bitstamp Adds Support for Euro-Backed Tether Stablecoin Amid Increasing Demand

Zagotta’s arrival dovetails with Bitstamp’s efforts to bolster its workforce in the U.S., where over the first six months of 2021, the number of new customers soared by 570% and assets under management by 281%. In May, Bitstamp said it would triple its then 11-person U.S. team and increase customer support by 50% by the end of 2021.

Prior to his stint at Kraken, where his responsibilities included strategy and growth initiatives, Zagotta was a managing director at the financial exchange and markets operator CME Group. Earlier in his career, he served as a senior manager and principal consultant at PricewaterhouseCoopers.

“Bitstamp and the entire digital asset industry have an amazing opportunity and obligation to bridge the gaps between traditional finance and crypto in smart, innovative ways to get more people involved,” Zagotta said in a statement.

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